Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells: Key concepts in biology: Biology: GCSE (9:1)

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17 Terms

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Eukaryotic cell

A cell type where the genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus

<p>A cell type where the genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus</p>
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Animal cell

A type of eukaryotic cell with a cell membrane and mitochondria but no chloroplasts or cell wall

<p>A type of eukaryotic cell with a cell membrane and mitochondria but no chloroplasts or cell wall</p>
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Plant cell

A type of eukaryotic cell with a cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts and a cell wall

<p>A type of eukaryotic cell with a cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts and a cell wall</p>
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Prokaryotic cell

A cell type where the genetic material is free within the cytoplasm and sometimes within plasmids

<p>A cell type where the genetic material is free within the cytoplasm and sometimes within plasmids</p>
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Cell membrane

Controls the entry of substances into and outside of the cell

<p>Controls the entry of substances into and outside of the cell</p>
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Nucleus

Contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell

<p>Contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell</p>
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Ribosomes

Where protein synthesis takes place

<p>Where protein synthesis takes place</p>
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Cytoplasm

A jelly-like substance that contains organelles and is where chemical reactions take place

<p>A jelly-like substance that contains organelles and is where chemical reactions take place</p>
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Mitochondria

Where aerobic respiration takes place

<p>Where aerobic respiration takes place</p>
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Permanent vacuole

A space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap found in plant cells

<p>A space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap found in plant cells</p>
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Cell wall

An outside layer of cellulose which strengthens and supports plant and algal cells

<p>An outside layer of cellulose which strengthens and supports plant and algal cells</p>
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Plasmids

Small rings of extra DNA found in bacterial cells

<p>Small rings of extra DNA found in bacterial cells</p>
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Chloroplasts

Contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells

<p>Contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells</p>
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Chlorophyll

A green pigment found in the chloroplast that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

<p>A green pigment found in the chloroplast that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis</p>
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Bacterial cell

A single celled prokaryotic cell with free genetic material, a cell membrane and a cell wall

<p>A single celled prokaryotic cell with free genetic material, a cell membrane and a cell wall</p>
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DNA loop

A single molecule of DNA that is found free in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes

<p>A single molecule of DNA that is found free in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes</p>
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Flagella

A long, whip-like filament that allows certain bacterial cells to move

<p>A long, whip-like filament that allows certain bacterial cells to move</p>