CHAPTER 14 BOOK NOTES: THE BRAIN

Which of these is caudal to the hypothalamus?

the cerebral aqueduct 

What is rostral to the pons?

the midbrain 

If the telencephalon (the largest part of the brain) were removed from a 5-week-old embryo, which of the following structures would fail to develop in the fetus?

cerebral hemispheres

The telencephalon forms the cerebral hemispheres

The blood-CSF barrier is formed by 

ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and regulate the exchange of substances between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

The pyramids of the medulla oblongata contain 

descending corticospinal fibers 

which of the following does not receive any input from the eyes

the frontal lobe

While studying in a noisy cafeteria, you get sleepy and doze off for a few minutes. You awaken with a start and realize that all the cafeteria sounds have just “come back”. While you were dozing, the auditory input was blocked from reaching your auditory cortex by

The reticular activating system

Because of a brain lesion, a certain patient never feels full, but eats so excessively as to now weigh nearly 270 kg (600lb). The lesion is most likely in the patient’s 

hypothalamus 

The ——— is most closely associated with the cerebellum in embryonic development and remains its primary source of input fibers throughout life.

pons

Damage to the ——- nerve could result in defects of eye movement.

abducens

the optic nerve is ———-. Eye movements are controlled by the

purely sensory

The oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, and abducens nerves

All of the following except the —— nerve begin or end in the orbit

optic

oculomotor

trochlear

abducens

accessory

accessory

The right and left cerebral hemispheres are connected to each other by a thick C-shaped bundle called the

corpus callosum

The brain has four chambers called ———- filled with ———- fluid.

ventricles, cerebrospinal fluid

On a sagittal plane, the cerebellar white matter exhibits a branching pattern called the ———. 

arbor vitae 

The only cranial nerve with direct control over the lower digestive tract is the

Vagus nerve

Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted partly by a mass of blood capillaries called the ——— in each ventricle.

choroid plexus

The primary motor area of the cerebrum is the ——— gyrus of the frontal lobe. 

precentral gyrus

A lesion in which lobe of the cerebrum is most likely to cause a radical alteration of the personality?

frontal lobe

Areas of the cerebral cortex that identify or interpret sensory information are called

association areas

Linear, analytical, and verbal thinking occurs in the —— hemisphere of the cerebrum, which is on the left in most people. 

categorical 

The cranial nerve that controls most fascial expressions is the ———-, whereas the one through which a person feels most facial sensation is the

facial nerve, trigeminal nerve

The trigeminal nerve carries what

sensory signals from the largest area of the face

Hearing is a function of what lobe?

The temporal lobe,

Vision is a function of what lobe

The occipital lobe

Respiration is controlled by the nuclei in the ?  

In the pons and medulla oblongata 

Most of the brain’s neurons are found in the

The cerebrum, which contains more than half of all brain neurons

which cranial nerve conveys pain signals to the brain in each of the following situations? 

-Sand blows into to your eye

-You bite the back of your tongue 

-Your stomach hurts from eating too much

-The trigeminal nerve

-The glossopharyngeal nerve

-The vagus nerve