Eukaryotic Gene Expression and tRNA Processing

These flashcards cover key concepts related to eukaryotic gene expression, alternative splicing, tRNA processing, and other molecular biology topics from the lecture.

Eukaryotic development stages

Refers to preadult versus postadult or presexual maturation versus postsexual maturation.

Alternative splicing

A process whereby different proteins are produced from the same gene due to variations in exons and introns.

Polyadenylation

The addition of a poly(A) tail to mRNA, influencing stability and translation.

Calcitonin

A peptide hormone that regulates calcium levels in the blood, produced in thyroid cells.

tRNA (transfer RNA)

An adapter molecule that decodes mRNA and carries the corresponding amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Anticodon arm

The region of tRNA that contains three nucleotides which pair with a specific codon on mRNA.

CCA sequence

The sequence at the 3' end of tRNA that is crucial for amino acid attachment.

Ribosome

A large complex of RNA and proteins that synthesizes proteins by translating mRNA.

Consensus sequence

A sequence of DNA that is similar across different genes and represents the optimal signal for molecular interactions.

Rare bases

Modified nucleotide bases found in tRNA that allow it to bind to multiple mRNA codons.