Oct 27 Notes Cartes | Quizlet

Digambara

"Sky-clad" - naked ascetics.

Svetambara

“White-clad” - ascestics

Digambara view on women

Women cannot reach moksha – cannot become full mendicants. Women’s body weaker (physically and emotionally), must be reborn as man.

Samvara practice

Defensive practice to prevent new karma (detachment and mindfulness)

Nirjara practice

Offensive practice to ‘burn off’ old karma (fasting, meditation)

Ascetic practice

Solitary wanderer who’s life is structured by vows –make it impossible for new karma.

Sadhus or munis

Male renouncers.

Sadhvis or aryikas

Female renouncers (none in Digambara)

Mahavratas

5 Great vows adopted

Ahimsa

Non-violence.

Satya

Truth.

Asteya

Non-stealing.

Brahmacharya

Celibacy.

Aparigraha

Non-possession/non-attachment.

Why renounce?

Mixture of spiritual and social reasons for renouncing;

• personal reasons,

• ambience of community,

• drawn to a prominent female teacher, orphans –ascetic life as preferable to relative, service to community,

• escape from marriage or refuge.

Shravaks

Householders who listen and limit negative karma (paap)

Dana

Donation, giving food to monks/nuns where they earn merit (punya)

Anuvratas

Small vows adopted by householders that are modelled on Mahavratas and limit worldly engagement, discipline the body, help soul.

Aparigraha

Shouldn’t attach yourself to the things you possess

Practice — Food

Fasting widespread – disciplines body and mind. Get away from the worldly demands of body – focus on the soul + eliminates karma

Namokar Mantra

Central prayer in Jainism.

Samniuk Darshan

when we understand the world is violent and horrible place (but on a deep level)

Siddhas 

liberated souls

Sallekhana/Santhara

Voluntary ritual fast to death, meditate throughout

Avasarpini

Descending arc of time, decreasing goodness and religion.

Utsarpini

Ascending arc of time, increasing goodness and religion.