Ap psych 2.8 A-D

Intelligence

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

General intelligence

According to speaeman and others, underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intellgence test

Factor analysis

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items(called factors) on a test; used to identify differenr dimensions of performance that underlie a persons total score

Fluid intelligence (Gf)

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease with age, especially late adulthood

Crystalized intelligence (Gc)

Our accumilated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age

Catell-Horn-Carroll(CHC) theory

the theory that our intelligence is based on G as well as specific abilities, abridged by Gf and Gc

Savant syndrome

A mental condition in which a person orherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as computation or drawing

Grit

In psychology, passion and perserverance in the pursuit of long term goals

Emotional intelligence

the ability to percieve, understand, manage, and use emotions

Intelligence test

a method for asessing an individuals mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

achievement tests

designed to assess what a person has learned

Aptitiude tests

designed to predict a persons future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn

mental age

a measure of intelligence test performance devised by binet; the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age. Thus a child who does well as an average 8 year old is said to have the mental age of 8

Stanford binet

the widely used american revision ( by termsn at stanford University) of binets original intelligence test

Intelligence test quotient (IQ )

defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma)to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100( this IQ =ma/ca x100). On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100

Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

The WAIS and its companion versions for children are the most widley used intelligence tests; they contain verbal and performance(nonverbal) subtests

psychometric

the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Standardization

Defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the perfomance of the pretested group

Normal curve

symmetrical, bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data, most scores fall near the mean (about 68% fall within the standard deviation of it)

Flynn effect

The rise in intelligence test performance over time and across cultures

reliablility

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on retesting

Validity

the extent to which a test or expiriment measures or predict what it is supposed to.

Content validity

The extent to which a test samples behaviour that is of interest

Construct validity

How much a test measures a concept or trait

Predictive validity

The success with which a test predicts the behaviour it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior(criterion related validity)

Cohort

a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period

growth mindset

A focus on learning and growing rather than viewing abilities as fixed

Fixed mindset

The view that intelligence, abilities, and talents are unchangeable, even with effort

Stereotype Threat

a self confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype