EAPP N1

A written language that provides information and contains ideas and concepts related to a specific discipline.

Academic Text

Structure

The organization of an academic text into introduction, body, and conclusion, which allows the reader to follow the argument and navigate the text.

Tone

The attitude conveyed in a piece of writing, which should be unbiased and free from loaded language.

Language

The use of unambiguous and formal language, preferably in the third person point of view, appropriate to the area of study.

Citation

The act of providing a list of references to acknowledge the sources of ideas, research findings, data, or quoted text used in an academic text.

Complexity

The addressing of complex issues that require higher-order thinking skills to comprehend.

Evidence-based Arguments

Opinions based on a sound understanding of the relevant body of knowledge and academic debates.

Thesis-driven

The starting point of an academic text, which is a particular perspective, idea, or position applied to a chosen research problem.

Complex

Academic texts have longer words and lexically varied vocabulary, as well as more grammatical complexity.

Formal

Academic texts avoid colloquial words and expressions commonly used in casual conversations.

Precise

Academic texts provide accurate facts and use precise vocabulary.

Objective

Academic texts emphasize information and use more nouns (adjectives) rather than verbs (adverbs).

Explicit

Academic texts make it clear to the reader how the various parts of the text are related and provide statements that explain their purpose.

Accurate

Academic texts use vocabulary accurately and include words with narrow specific meanings.

Hedging

The expression of certainty or uncertainty in academic writing, requiring decisions about the strength of claims made.

Responsible

Academic texts require providing evidence for any claims made.

Organized

Academic texts flow easily from one section to the next in a logical fashion.

Planned

Academic texts are created after research and evaluation, according to a specific purpose and plan.