Psych chapter one

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27 Terms

1

Applied Research

Designed to solve specific real world problems

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2

Biopsychology/neuroscience

studies how the brain and nervous system develop, work, and affect behavior, thinking, and emotions.

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3

Developmental psychology

studys how individuals change and grow over the course of their lifespan. (examining, physical, cognitive, social, emotional development)

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4

Personality Psychology

studies unique variations among individuals in cognitions, emotions, actions

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5

Industrial Organizational Psychology

uses psychological insights on how organizations can enhance workplace productivity, employee well being

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6

Social Psychology

study of the impact that the existence of others can have on an individuals cognition, emotions, actions

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7

Clinical Psychology

studies the intricacies of mental health, assess, diagnose, and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders

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8

Basic research

The quest for knowledge purley for its own sake

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9

Four main goals of psychology.

Describe, Explain, Predict, Influence

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10

Nurture

refers to the environmental influences that impact human behavior and development. students anxiety levels can be influenced by their environment

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11

Nature

refers to genetic and biological factors that influence behavior. genetic predisposition to anxiety

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12

Structuralism

aimed to analyze the structure of the mind by breaking down mental processes into their most basic components, similarly to taking apart a bicycle to understand how it works

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13

Functionalism

aimed at understanding why rather than what a sensation felt like. goal is to investigate what purpose our feelings, sensations, perceptions are

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14

Psychodynamic

the study of how mental and emotional processes affect behavior and mental states, especially during early childhood

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15

Freud

Founder of psychoanalysis published many papers on psychoanalysis and got the whole “psychology thing” going

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16

Behaviorism

Focuses on the role of the external environment in governing behavior.

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17

Law of Effect

psychological principle that states that behaviors that produce a positive outcome are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors that produce a negative outcome are less likely to be repeated. 

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18

Humanistic Psychology

idea that people are not solely influenced by external forces. emphasized free will and personal growth

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19

Cognitive Psychology

examine problem solving, memory, learning, and perception to understand how the mind works and how that influences behavior

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20

Sociocultural Psychology

Examines how social and cultural factors influence behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

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21

Biological Psychology

Examines how neurons, genetics, and the body regulate the brain and behavior, focusing on the biological basis of behavior.

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22

what inspired the behaviorism perspective?

John Locke’s Tabula Rasa blank slate inspired the movement suggesting that human behavior is entirely derived from learned behavior

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23

Behavior and its causes can be exaimed at three different levels

biological level, psychological level, social/cultural level Biopyschosocial approach

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24

Confirmation bias

when you focus on information that supports what you already believe and ignore anything that goes against it

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25

barnum effect

when people believe vague, general statements about personality or traits are specifically about them, even though the statements could apply to almost anyone.

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26

Basic research example

studying how the memory works in the brain

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27

Applied research example

use knowledge about memory to create tools or stratigies for peope to recall memories better

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