Introduction to Research and Research Literature

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the lecture on research methodologies and nutrition research.

Hypothesis

A statement predicting a cause-and-effect relationship in a study.

Independent variable

The variable that is manipulated to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Dependent variable

The variable that is measured to assess the impact of the independent variable.

Confounding variables

Variables that are not controlled for in a study but may affect the results.

Qualitative research

Research methods that focus on describing human behavior and social phenomena.

Quantitative research

Research methods that focus on measuring and analyzing numerical data.

Descriptive research

Research that provides an overview of a certain phenomenon through data collection.

Analytic research

Research that examines associations and causal relationships.

Translational research

Research that aims to transform findings from basic science into practical applications.

Epidemiology

The study of the distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations.

Incidence

The number of new cases of a disease occurring in a given time period.

Prevalence

The total number of cases of a disease at a given time in a population.

Relative risk

A measure comparing the risk of a certain event happening in two groups.

PICOT format

A framework for formulating research questions: Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time.

FINER criteria

A set of criteria for evaluating research question feasibility: Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical, Relevant.

Hierarchy of evidence

A system for ranking the strength and reliability of evidence in research studies.

Nutritional epidemiology

The study of dietary intake and its relationship to health conditions.

Information literacy

The ability to recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate, and use that information effectively.

Systematic review

A review process that identifies, evaluates, and synthesizes all relevant studies on a specific question.

Impact factor

A measure indicating the yearly average number of citations to recent articles published in a journal.