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Which of the following is part of the PESTLE framework used for environmental scanning?
A. Pricing
B. Political
C. Promotion
D. Profit
B. Political
What does consumer confidence influence the most?
A. Government taxes
B. Consumer spending
C. Population growth
D. Marketing budgets
B. Consumer spending
Which economic factor refers to the ability of consumers to buy goods and services with their income?
A. Purchasing power
B. GDP
C. Inflation
D. Demographics
A. Purchasing power
Which demographic group is typically defined as people born between 1946 and 1964?
A. Millennials
B. Generation Z
C. Baby Boomers
D. Generation X
C. Baby Boomers
A rise in environmental awareness and sustainability concerns is an example of which factor?
A. Technological
B. Sociocultural
C. Legal
D. Political
B. Sociocultural
Which organization ensures businesses compete fairly and protects consumers?
A. NASA
B. FTC
C. IMF
D. WHO
B. FTC
Which factor includes AI, smartphones, and social media platforms?
A. Economic
B. Political
C. Technological
D. Demographic
C. Technological
When the economy enters a recession, what typically happens?
A. Consumer spending increases
B. Consumer spending decreases
C. Inflation disappears
D. Businesses stop marketing
B. Consumer spending decreases
Which demographic factor is important because women control a large percentage of consumer spending?
A. Age
B. Gender
C. Education
D. Ethnicity
B. Gender
Environmental scanning helps marketers:
A. Control external factors
B. Understand external factors they cannot control
C. Increase company profits immediately
D. Reduce employee costs
B. Understand external factors they cannot control
Consumer behavior focuses on understanding how consumers:
A. Produce products
B. Develop marketing strategies
C. Make purchasing decisions
D. Hire employees
C. Make purchasing decisions
According to research, most human decisions are made:
A. Completely logically
B. Unconsciously and emotionally
C. Randomly
D. Through advertising alone
B. Unconsciously and emotionally
What type of decision making occurs when consumers buy the same brand repeatedly?
A. Extended decision making
B. Nominal decision making
C. Complex decision making
D. Emotional decision making
B. Nominal decision making
What is the difference between actual state and desired state called?
A. Information search
B. Problem recognition
C. Cognitive dissonance
D. Evaluation
B. Problem recognition
When consumers gather information from friends, reviews, or advertisements, they are performing:
A. Internal search
B. External search
C. Emotional search
D. Nominal search
B. External search
The group of brands consumers seriously consider buying is called:
A. Evoked set
B. Target market
C. Consideration group
D. Focus group
A. Evoked set
When consumers choose a product based mainly on feelings or emotions, this is called:
A. Attribute-based choice
B. Affective choice
C. Rational choice
D. Analytical choice
B. Affective choice
What type of purchase occurs when a shopper buys something without planning it beforehand?
A. Planned purchase
B. Impulse purchase
C. Routine purchase
D. Scheduled purchase
B. Impulse purchase
Which factor can reduce shopping cart abandonment in online stores?
A. Slower checkout process
B. Complicated payment systems
C. Streamlined checkout and mobile payment
D. Removing product descriptions
C. Streamlined checkout and mobile payment
After buying a product, consumers evaluate whether it met their expectations. This stage is called:
A. Problem recognition
B. Information search
C. Post-purchase evaluation
D. Alternative evaluation
C. Post-purchase evaluation
A clothing company notices that many consumers are struggling financially during an economic downturn. The company launches a lower-priced clothing line to attract budget-conscious shoppers.
Which factor influenced this decision?
A. Technological
B. Sociocultural
C. Economic
D. Legal
C. Economic
A college student realizes their phone battery dies quickly and begins researching new phones online.
What stage of the consumer decision process is this?
A. Purchase
B. Problem recognition
C. Evaluation of alternatives
D. Post-purchase evaluation
B. Problem recognition
A customer compares three laptops by looking at price, battery life, and storage capacity before making a decision.
What stage is the customer in?
A. Evaluation of alternatives
B. Problem recognition
C. Post-purchase evaluation
D. Nominal decision making
A. Evaluation of alternatives
A shopper buys candy at the checkout counter even though it was not on their shopping list.
What type of purchase is this?
A. Reminder purchase
B. Planned purchase
C. Impulse purchase
D. Nominal purchase
C. Impulse purchase
A consumer buys a new car but later worries they chose the wrong brand.
What is this feeling called?
A. Information overload
B. Cognitive dissonance
C. Emotional decision making
D. Brand loyalty
B. Cognitive dissonance
A company studies social media comments to learn what problems customers have with their products.
What marketing method is this?
A. Price monitoring
B. Social listening
C. Brand switching
D. Market segmentation
B. Social listening
A consumer buys the same brand of toothpaste every month without thinking about alternatives.
What type of decision-making is this?
A. Nominal decision making
B. Extended decision making
C. Emotional decision making
D. High involvement decision making
A. Nominal decision making
A consumer reads product reviews, watches YouTube comparisons, and asks friends before buying a camera.
What type of search is this?
A. Internal search
B. External search
C. Emotional search
D. Impulse search
B. External search