8: Enteric Bacteria

what group of bacteria are:

• gram negative

• non-sporulating

• straight rods

• facultative anaerobes

• catalase-positive

• oxidase-negative

• glucose fermenters

enterobacteriaceae

what is the process by which enterobacteriaceae acquire new virulence factors and antibiotic resistance?

horizontal genetic transfer

what complex protein machine is used by enterobacteriacea for adhesion and subversion of gut macrophages?

type 3 secretion systems

what type of host cell in Peyer’s patches are subverted by enterobacteriaceae to alter local macrophages and spread to the exterior of the gut?

M cells

what is a severe complication of Shigella or enterohemorrhagic E. coli infections that is caused by shiga toxin entering the bloodstream and is defined by hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, and uremia?

hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)

what is an autoimmune condition triggered by an infection with bacteria like Shigella, Salmonella, or Yersinia in patients with HLA-B27, which is characterized by conjunctivitis, urethritis, and arthritis?

reactive arthritis

what is the lab procedure where a patient’s bacterial isolate is spread on an agar plate and antibiotic-soaked paper disks are added to determine which drugs are effective based on zones of clearing?

antimicrobial sensitivity testing