Wastewater Characteristics Vocabulary

Flashcards about Wastewater Characteristics

Greywater

Wastewater from showers, baths, hand basins, washing machines, laundry troughs, and kitchens.

Blackwater

Wastewater from toilet waste.

Sewage

A combination of greywater, blackwater, and trade waste.

Industrial wastewater

All wastewater waste except sewage; often requires its own wastewater treatment plant (WWTP).

Solids in Wastewater

Consist of organic and/or inorganic materials and organisms that increase BOD levels when discharged to receiving waters.

pH in Wastewater

Can inactivate treatment processes; organisms are very susceptible to acids and bases. Recommended range: 6.5 - 8.5.

Wastewater Temperature Importance

Important for biological processes, chemical reactions, reaction rates, and aquatic life sensitivity; best range for treatment: 25 to 35 °C.

Wastewater Color Indicators

Light brown indicates young wastewater, light-medium grey indicates old wastewater, and dark grey-black indicates septic, anaerobic conditions.

Wastewater Odor

Young wastewater is not too offensive; decomposition under anaerobic conditions creates a bad smell like hydrogen sulphide (rotten eggs).

Inorganic Minerals and Metals in Wastewater

Originate from industrial/commercial sources, stormwater, and cracked pipes; large amounts can contaminate soil and water and be toxic.

Heavy Metals in Wastewater

Released by industrial processes like mining, tanneries, and electronics; examples include lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper.

Nutrients in Wastewater

Nitrogen and phosphorus (nitrate and phosphate) can cause eutrophication, depleting dissolved oxygen when aquatic plants decompose.

Oil and Grease in Wastewater

Fats, oils, and waxes that are not quickly broken down by bacteria, increase BOD, cause aesthetically unpleasing conditions and septic conditions.

Organic Matter in Wastewater

From plants, animals, or synthetic organic compounds; biodegradable materials can cause pollution with high BOD and depleted DO.

Microorganisms in Wastewater

Bacteria, protozoa, and worms that break down organic pollutants; pathogens from infected people and animals pose a risk to public health.