difficulties between John Balliol and Edward I.

When was John Balliol inaugurated as king of Scots, and who attended the event?

John’s inauguration as king of Scots in 1292 was attended by English officials. Edward had no intention of allowing King John to rule free from English influence.

When was John Balliol summoned by Edward I to pay homage, and what did he have to accept?

John Balliol was summoned by Edward to pay homage in December 1292 at Edward’s court in Newcastle. John was forced to accept that although he was king of Scotland, Edward was determined to demonstrate his superiority.

How did Edward I take advantage of John Balliol’s inexperience, and what was the result?

Balliol was relatively inexperienced politically. Edward exploited John’s inexperience which led to the resentment of some Scottish nobles.

What decision did John Balliol make under pressure, and what did it allow Edward to interfere with?

In 1293 under pressure John released Edward from the terms of the Treaty of Birgham. Due to this decision, John allowed Edward to interfere in Scottish affairs.

How did Edward I respond to the Burgess of Berwick’s complaint against King John?

The Burgess of Berwick took his complaint against King John’s decision to Edward’s Parliament in 1292. The English king found in his favour against John.

What was John Balliol forced to recognize about his relationship with Edward I?

John was forced to recognise his true position in his relationship with Edward. Balliol was inferior and Edward was superior.

How did Edward I’s influence show in John Balliol’s government, and who was appointed as the new chancellor?

Edward’s influence was shown when John had to agree to some English members of his government. The new chancellor, Master Thomas of Hunsingore, came from Yorkshire.

How did Edward I undermine John Balliol’s position in Scotland regarding court appeals?

King Edward’s determination to exercise his authority as overlord undermined and weakened Balliol’s position in Scotland. Edward insisted he hear appeals as supreme court judge from Scottish courts at Westminster.

How did Edward I use the Macduff case to undermine and humiliate John Balliol?

Edward undermined John’s legal authority by overturning verdicts given in the Scottish courts. Edward summoned Balliol to London in 1293 to explain King John’s judgement in the Macduff case. Edward used the case to humiliate John.

What did Edward I demand from John Balliol regarding military service, and how did it reflect his view of Scotland?

In June 1294 Edward I demanded military service against the French from John Balliol. Edward was treating Scotland as a feudal estate rather than as an independent kingdom.

Why did Edward I invade Scotland, and how was John Balliol humiliated?

In March 1296 Edward and the English invaded to bring about the subjugation of Scotland. John was ultimately made to endure a number of humiliations at the hands of the English and Edward.

What happened at the Battle of Dunbar, and how did it affect John Balliol’s leadership?

At the Battle of Dunbar in 1296 King John’s Scottish army was defeated by Edward’s English army. After Dunbar there was no effective leadership from Balliol and Edward was able to march on to victory.

What happened to John Balliol after his defeat, and how did Edward I publicly remove his title?

John was brought before Edward and ceremoniously stripped of his royal regalia (Toom Tabard). Edward publicly took away Balliol’s position as king after his defeat.