Islamic/Muslims test vocab

Muhammed

The Prophet who started the religion Islam

Prophet

a person who speaks for god

Quran

a book with actions, things, and reading the muslim need to adhere to

Five Pillars of Islam-

Five formal acts muslims must adhere to from the Quran

The five pillars are Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj

Shahadah-

Declaration of Faith or bearing witness

Salat-

Prayer

Zakat-

To purify oneself

Sawm-

fasting

Hajj-

pilgrimage to Mecca

Mecca-

Birthplace of Prophet Muhammad, important land for Muslims, sacred ground (Kaaba)

Medina-

The area Muhammad had to go to after being kicked out of Mecca, started the spread of Islam here

Arabic-

Language spoken mostly in the Islamic lands

Kaaba-

First place of worship on earth for Muslims

Bazaar-

The name for markets for Muslims

Mosque-

Area of prayer and devotion for Muslims

Secular-

things in the non religious world, outside of religious practices

Muslims-

The people who follow Islam

Hijra-

Migration like Prophet Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina (it signals the start of the Muslims calendar)

Sharia-

Islamic system of law derived from the Quran and the sunnah

Sunni-

Type of Muslims who believe anybody can be the Caliph

Shiite-

a person in the Shia branch

Qadi (Qudi)-

A judge for muslims, similar to regular judges, but follow religious principles

Golden Age of Islam-

During the Abbasid Dynasty, when Islam flourished in education, trade and business

Imam-

person who leads prayer in a mosque

Pilgrimage-

a journey to a desired destination

Sunnah-

a collection of stories and texts recounting things Muhammad did in his life which would make Muslim's lives successful

Ramadan-

The ninth month of the Islamic calendar, Muslims fast, and pray during this month

Rashidun (Dates) -

632 to 661

Umayyad Dynasty (Dates)-

661-750

Abbasid Dynasty-

Dynasty after the Umayyad Dynasty, brought the Islamic Golden age

Battle of Tours (Date)-

732 AD

Allah -

the one and only god in Islam

Jizya Tax-

an extra tax given to non-muslims

Baghdad (and date for the fall of Baghdad)-

The capital of Islam during the Abassid rule (1258)

Polytheistic/monotheistic-

Polytheistic is the belief of many gods and monotheistic is the belief that there is one god.

Caliph/caliphate -

Caliph is the ruler of Islam and a Caliphate is an Islamic empire ruled by a Caliph

Mongols-

People from Mongol

Achievements of Islam-

Surgery, Coffee, Flying Machine, Weaving, Algebra, Optics, Music, Toothbrush, Clocks, Hospitals, Universities,Chess, Banking, Astronomy, Libraries, Bookmaking,

Calligraphy-

The art of writing beautifully

Astrolabe-

An ancient astronomical invention used for navigating and tracking time

The First Four Caliphs-

Abu Bakr, Umar , Uthman, Ali

Muawiyah-

was the founder and first Caliph of the Umayyad Dynasty

Crusades-

Christian warrior sent from the Pope to defend Christians from Muslim attacks

Spanish Reconquista-

the reconquers of Spain by christians.