Addition and Subtraction Problem Types

Define Direct Model

using objects, drawings, or fingers to show a math problem and finding the answer

What are the two ways that story problems are categorized

action and the location of the unknown

The action can be

Add to or take from

The unknown can be 

Start, Change, Result 

What is the unknown of this problem

Robin had 6 toy cars. Her parents gave
her 8 more toy cars for her birthday. How
many toy cars does she have now?

Result Unknown

What is the Situation Equation for

Robin had 6 toy cars. Her parents gave
her 8 more toy cars for her birthday. How
many toy cars does she have now?

6 + 8 = ☐

What is the unknown 

Robin had 6 toy cars. Her parents gave
her some more toy cars for her birthday.
Then she had 14 toy cars. How many toy
cars did Robin’s parents give her for her
birthday? 

Change Unknown 

What is situation equation for 

Robin had 6 toy cars. Her parents gave
her some more toy cars for her birthday.
Then she had 14 toy cars. How many toy
cars did Robin’s parents give her for her
birthday? 

6 + ☐ = 14

Define Regrouping 

the process of changing digits for the purpose of adding and subtracting 

Define Algorithm

a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem

Define subtrahend

a number being subtracted from another 

Define Minuend

the starting number in a subtraction problem

define number facts

basic math calculations that you know without having to put much effort in

What is this an example of: 7+5=12 - 24/6=4 - 12-5=-7

Number facts

Define Counting

saying or writing in order to derterminate how many items are in a set

Define Counting/adding strategy 

adding two numbers and you start with the larger addend and count up to find the sum