NURS 2040 ADOLESCENTS

age range

10-24 years

onset of puberty at what age

11-13 years

adolescence

psychological, emotional, cognitive, and moral transition from child to adult

puberty

development and maturation of structural, reproductive, and endocrine

growth spurt happens in who first

females (usually 2 years earlier)

girls from which race have puberty earlier

african american

concern age for no puberty signs

14- females

15- males

if not by those ages--> endocrine consult

why is the age of puberty earlier than in the past

genetics and environment

menarche

period

primary sexual characteristics

essential for reproduction

male: sperm, penis

female: ovaries, uterus, vagina

secondary sexual characteristics

external features that we start to notice/ see

breast development, facial and pubic hair, lowering voice

gynecomastia

male breast enlargement, usually goes away but can do surgery if absolutely necessary

male puberty signs

-Thinning of scrotal sac, enlargement of testes

-Ejaculation occurs - precedes fertility few months

-Nocturnal emissions (wet dreams) occur

female signs of puberty

breast buds, growth spurt

menstruation appears when

2 years after breast buds

cardiac

BP increases, HR decreases

respirtaory

volume + vital capacity increase= respiratory rate decreases

larynx and vocal cord grow (voice change)

acne

sebaceous glands become/ can be clogged and inflamed

treatment: topical meds, stress managent, soap + water

scoliosis

s shape curvature of spine

more common in females

screening, if >5 degree= referral

Turner Syndrome

short stature, webbed neck, low set ears, lack of sexual development, cardiac/ renal anomalies, learning disabilities

hormonal therapy; infertile

Klinefelter Syndrome

tall, thin, lack of sexual development, gynecomastia, learning/ behavior problems

hormonal therapy, sterile

anorexia nervosa

distorted body image

builmia nervosa

high calorie intake then purge

binge eating disorder

no purging component

hours of sleep needed

9

erikson stage

identity vs role confusion

2nd leading cause of death

suicide

continued risk for childhood cancers such as

leukemia, osteogenic sarcoma, lymphomas, CNS tumor

testicular cancer effects

males 15-35

PAP test for cervical cancer delayed until

age 21

HPV vaccination recommended for

both male and female adolescents

HEAD ASSESSMENT

Home

Education, employment, eating

Activities

Drugs

Sexuality

Suicide/ depression

Safety