Invertebrate Zoology: Animal Clade Basics LN4

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to animal clades in Invertebrate Zoology.

Clades

Groupings based on shared ancestry.

Monophyletic

Ideal clades have one single ancestor and all descendants.

Metazoa

A clade that contains all animals, synonymous with Kingdom Animalia.

Synapomorphies

Derived traits that are unique to the clade.

Nephridia

Specialized organs for processing and removal of nitrogenous wastes in the Nephrozoa clade.

Deuterostomia

A clade that contains deuterostome animals where the anus forms from the blastopore.

Protostomia

A clade that contains protostome animals where the mouth forms from the blastopore.

Ecdysis

The process of shedding an exoskeleton or cuticle in the Ecdysozoa clade.

Spiral cleavage

A characteristic of the Spiralia clade, where cell division occurs in a spiral arrangement.

Panarthropoda

A subgroup within Ecdysozoa.

Bilateria

A clade that contains bilateral animals with defined anterior/posterior axes.

Triploblastic

Organisms that have three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Heterotrophic nutrition

A characteristic of Metazoa, indicating that organisms obtain their food by consuming other organisms.

ECM proteins

Extracellular matrix proteins that are unique to Metazoa.