PNUR104 - W10D1 : Bowel Elimination
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23 Terms
What are the main functions of the GI tract?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, temporary feces storage and waste elimination
What is chyme?
Partially digested food in the GI tract
Where does the GI tract begin and end?
Begins at the mouth ; ends at the anus/rectum
What is peristalsis?
Involuntary contractions through the GI tract
What is flatus
Gas in the intestines (farting)
What are hemorrhoids?
Enlarged veins in the rectum that can be painful
Why is squatting the best position for defecation?
Because it opens the rectal canal and reduces any straining
Why is privacy important during bowel elimination?
It helps patients relax and improves defecation
How does aging affect peristalsis?
Middle/older adults have decreased peristalsis
What foods stimulate peristalsis
Hot liquids, prunes, fruits, veggies
What foods cause constipation?
Cheese, milk products, red meat
How does ignoring the urge, affect elimination?
It leads to constipation
What is paralytic ileus?
It’s the temporary cessation of peristalsis lasting 24-48hrs
What is C. difficile (C.diff)?
It’s a bacterial infection in the colon that is linked to using too many antibiotics, causing diarrhea, foul odor and cramping
What is fecal impaction?
Hardened stool lodged in the rectum that cannot be expelled
What is an early sign of fecal impaction?
Oozing, liquid stool
Valsalva Manoeuvre
Forced exhalation against a closed airway (straining)
What are synthetic laxatives?
Over the counter laxatives that can be picked up at shoppers drug mart, rexall, etc
What are natural laxatives?
fiber, lentils, veggies, fruits, chia seeds, prunes. apricots, flax seeds, quinoa
As a nurse, when assessing stool, you’re assessing for…
colour
consistency
shape
amount
odour
What is a stool occult test?
It’s a test that physicians order if a patient’s stool is black
What does a positive stool occult test mean?
It means there’s iron and bleeding (rectal, internal, some type of bleeding)
Bristol stool chart
4 is the most ideal
Note 
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