Key Concepts in Chinese History and Geography

A set of vocabulary flashcards focusing on key historical and geographical terms related to Chinese history.

Silk Road

A trade route connecting China with the West, significant for the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas.

Great Wall of China

A series of fortifications built to protect Chinese states from invasions.

Confucianism

A philosophical and ethical system based on the teachings of Confucius, emphasizing morality, family loyalty, and social harmony.

Ming Dynasty

A Chinese dynasty from 1368 to 1644 known for its trade expansion, cultural achievements, and strong centralized government.

Tang Dynasty

A dynasty that ruled China from 618 to 907, marked by territorial expansion and cultural flourishment.

Buddhism

A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, advocating the path to enlightenment.

Footbinding

A traditional Chinese practice of tightly binding the feet of girls to restrict growth, symbolizing beauty and status.

Yuan Dynasty

The dynasty established by the Mongols in China, which lasted from 1271 to 1368.

Civil Service Examination

A rigorous testing system for recruiting officials to the bureaucracy in ancient China.

Neo-Confucianism

A philosophical movement that arose in response to Buddhism and Daoism, integrating Confucian values with metaphysical concepts.

Zheng He

A Chinese explorer and admiral during the Ming dynasty known for his extensive sea voyages.

Tributary State

A state that recognizes the supremacy of a more powerful state and pays tribute.

Meritocracy

A political system in which positions are allocated based on individual ability and talent.

Mandate of Heaven

An ancient Chinese belief that a ruler's authority comes from a divine source, justifying their right to govern.

Huang He River (Yellow River)

One of the longest rivers in China, known as the cradle of Chinese civilization.

Yangtze River

The longest river in Asia, vital for trade, agriculture, and cultural development in China.

Basilica Style

A style of architecture influenced by Roman structures, later adapted in Chinese design during certain dynasties.

Gobi Desert

A vast desert region in Asia located north of China, known for its harsh climate.

Sea of Japan

A marginal sea between Japan, Korea, and Russia.

Arabian Sea

A sea located to the southwest of India that connects the Indian Ocean with the Persian Gulf.

Bay of Bengal

A northeastern arm of the Indian Ocean, bordered by India and Bangladesh.

Genghis Khan

The founder of the Mongol Empire, known for his military leadership and conquests across Asia.

Empress Wu Zhao

The only woman to rule China in her own right, known for her strong leadership during the Tang dynasty.