WBC Abnormalities and Leukocytes

Flashcards covering vocabulary and definitions related to WBC abnormalities and various leukocyte disorders.

Leukopoiesis

The process of white blood cell (WBC) production.

Granulopoiesis

The formation and maturation process of granulocytes, including neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils.

Agranulocytes

A type of leukocyte characterized by the absence of granules in their cytoplasm; includes lymphocytes and monocytes.

Hypersegmented Neutrophils

Neutrophils that have more than 5 lobes; associated with conditions such as megaloblastic anemia.

Pelger-Huet Anomaly

A hereditary condition resulting in hyposegmentation of neutrophils, where nuclei may appear as bilobed.

Barr Bodies

Represent abnormal sex chromosomes in neutrophils; seen in females as a drumstick appearance.

Alder-Reilly Granules

Dark staining granules observed in leukocytes, indicative of mucopolysaccharidoses.

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

A rare genetic disorder characterized by large lysosomal granules in leukocytes.

Auer Rods

Cytoplasmic inclusions seen in myeloid cells, particularly in acute myeloid leukemia.

Reactive Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes that are activated in response to antigen exposure, often seen in viral infections.

Bruton-Tyrosine Kinase Deficiency

An X-linked disorder leading to a lack of antibodies due to defects in B-cell maturation.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

The most common type of leukemia in adults characterized by the accumulation of small, mature lymphocytes.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

A metabolic complication that occurs after chemotherapy, characterized by rapid cell death and release of cellular contents.

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

A diverse group of hematological disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and risk of transformation to leukemia.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

A type of cancer that affects lymphoid lineage, common in children, characterized by increased lymphoblasts in the blood.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the overproduction of mature granulocytes, often associated with the Philadelphia chromosome.

Polycythemia Vera

A myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by excessive production of red blood cells, granulocytes, and platelets.