Companion Animal Science Exam 3

SHSU

Most diseases and ailments that affect humans can also afflict dogs and cats.

true

The True heart rates of resting neonatal dogs and cats are lower than those of adult cats and dogs.

false

Which of the following is not a bacterial-related disease?

Feline panleukopenia

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is transmitted by

Ticks

Ringworm is caused by a

Fungus

Canine distemper is caused by a

Virus

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is contagious to humans.

False

Rabies may be carried by

All of the above

Zoonotic diseases are those naturally transmitted between animals and humans.

True

The most common means of rabies transmission is

Bite or contact with infected animal's saliva

Which of the following is not a zoonotic disease associated with dogs and cats?

None of the above

Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is a serious developmental abnormality in dogs. One way to help retard CHD is to keep dogs of breeds highly susceptible to the disease on restricted diets while they are growing.

True

Although allergies are uncommon in dogs and cats, most allergies result from over activity of their immune system.

False

Which of the following are metabolic diseases that may affect dogs and cats?

All of the above

Cushing's disease is a metabolic disease resulting from secretion of excessive amounts of corticosteroids.

True

Hairballs are an infectious disease of cats caused in large part by cats swallowing hair while grooming themselves.

False

The most common nutrition-related disorder in dogs and cats is

Obesity

Cats and dogs are equally susceptible to a taurine deficiencу.

False

Otitis externa is an example of a common inflammatory disease of the

Ears

Which of the following causes the highest fatality rate in cats and dogs?

Antifreeze

Gloves should be worn when handling animals with possible zoonotic diseases.

True

Canine distemper virus can cause fatal neurologic disease in dogs but does not affect cats.

True

The most important form of passive immunity is that received by newborns from their mother.

True

Antiserums are a form of

Passive immunity

The vaccine most commonly used to provide protection against canine distemper is

A modified live vaccine

Core vaccines are those that should be used routinely in preventive health programs for cats and dogs.

True

Core vaccines for all dogs include

All of the above

Core vaccines for all cats include

All of the above

Because vaccines activate the immune system, some dogs may develop allergic reactions to certain vaccine components.

True

An early step in recognizing an emergency in dogs and cats is to assess the severity of the animal's condition. The most rapid way to assess the animal's cardiovascular function is to examine the gums and measure capillary refill time (CRT). Normal gums should be light pink. If the gums are pale or grey, the animal may be in shock or severely anemic. Blue or grey gums can indicate shock, heart failure, lung failure, or poisoning. CRT is determined by applying pressure to the gums with a thumb. When the thumb is removed, the gums will be white but should rapidly refill with blood. The time required to refill is the CRT (normally 1 second). If the CRT is longer than 2 seconds, the animal has inadequate cardiovascular function and is probably in shock.

True

Dogs and cats have excellent means of dissipating heat. Therefore, they can be left in closed parked cars with ambient temperatures up to 100°F while their owner shops for groceries with minimum concern about possible heatstroke.

False

Common problems in geriatric dogs and cats include

All of the Above

The average life expectancy of humans in the United States increased from approximately 49 years in 1900 to 77 in 2000. Concurrently, life expectancy of companion animals increased significantly. Just as interest in senescence and the aging process of humans increased, so has people's interest in the geriatrics of companion animals.

True

The speed with which companion animals age can be influenced by

All of the above

Smaller animals have a lower metabolic rate than larger animals. This explains why larger animals usually live longer than smaller ones.

False

Which of the following companion animals has the longest expected life span?

Amazon Parrot

The effectiveness of vaccines is often lower in geriatric companion animals.

true

Dogs infected with canine distemper as puppies and survived the viral infection may exhibit neurological signs of the disease in old age.

True

Most dog breeders give careful consideration to expected life span in making breeding decisions.

True

Kidney function is essential in maintaining healthy companion animals. Unfortunately, renal insufficiency or failure is prevalent in geriatric dogs, cats, and birds. In formulating commercial diets designed for senior or geriatric pets, many petfood companies

All of the above

Dental disease frequently accompanies aging and can be manifested with tooth loss and/or pain. To help ensure adequate nutrient intake, which of the following practices may be employed?

B and C above

It is estimated that more than 40% of all dogs in the United States are overweight. Cats and other companion animals, including birds, rodents, and rabbits, also demonstrate excess weight. Excess weight predisposes pets to diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and cardiac problems. In cats, obesity can increase the risk of lower urinary tract disease. Because of the above, it is important to monitor body weight regularly in mature companion animals and adjust food intake accordingly. High-fiber diets can be an important factor in weight-controlling diets.

True

Which of the following are examples of endocrine-related disorders common in older dogs and cats?

All of the above

Spaying and neutering tend to increase health-related risks associated with testicular cancer in geriatric male dogs, or pyometra (uterine infection) and mammary cancer in senior female dogs.

False

To help maintain body weight and condition, physical activity of companion animals is an important adjunct to limiting food intake.

True

For dogs with arthritis and/or joint problems, aqua-therapy (e.g., swimming or underwater treadmilling) is an excellent alternative to the more common weight-bearing exercises.

True

With advancing age, the skin of senior dogs and cats becomes thicker and tougher making more vigorous grooming possible without being concerned about causing injury or pain to the pet.

False

Exercising the mind of older pets is as important as it is for aging humans. Altering the routes taken for walks, providing different toys, and introducing new companion pets can provide mental stimulation and minimize boredom and stress.

True

Which of the following are not age-related diseases in dogs and cats?

None of the above

Although cancer can occur at any age of companion animals, when it occurs in geriatric pets the pet is less well equipped to counter the cancer. This is true because the compromised immune system of older pets is less effective than that of young pets in identifying and destroying cancer cells prior to their becoming invasive. Additionally, the organ systems are less capable of recovering from treatment designed to control or eliminate cancer.

true

Diuretic drugs are often used to help control cardiac disease by reducing water retention thereby decreasing the heart's workload.

True

Age-related cataracts are common in most dogs over 13-14 years of age. Older cats and birds are also prone to have cataracts.

False

Diabetes mellitus in dogs is most commonly diagnosed between the ages of

7-9 years

Absolute liver cell function does not appear to be compromised with age.

True

The most common cause of tooth loss in dogs and cats is

Periodontal disease

Dental plaque is an accumulation of

All of the above

Urinary incontinence in cats and dogs is common in older pets and may result in relinquishment of the pet to an animal shelter.

False

Numerous health screens are recommended for geriatric animals. Certain screens to evaluate organ function are essential prior to administration of drugs or treatments that require normal kidney, liver, and cardiac function. For example, this is especially true for anesthetic agents that must be cleared from the system.

True

The theory of aging based on the premise that genes enhancing early survival and reproduction may be detrimental later in life is known as

The antagonistic pleiotropy theory

In general, larger animals tend to have longer life spans than smaller ones. This is exemplified by Great Danes, which have a longer life expectancy than Chihuahuas.

False

The most common sign of kidney dysfunction in older animals is a reduced frequency of urination.

False

The primary focus of hospice care for dogs and cats is providing relief of pain.

True

Ectoparasites are found internally, whereas endoparasites are found on the external skin surface of companion animals.

False

Arthropods are a diverse group of invertebrate animals that total more than one million species (more arthropods on planet earth than all other animals combined).

True

Which of the following insects do not belong to the class Insecta?

None of the above

There are thousands of insects that cause no harm to companion animals (e.g., beetles and butterflies).

true

In addition to causing blood loss, pain, and annoyance, biting flies serve as vectors and transmit a variety of other organisms that cause diseases in dogs and cats.

True

Diseases associated with mosquitoes include

All of the above

Sand flies are vectors of the protozoa Leishmania. Leishmaniasis is a serious infection in dogs and humans (and sometimes cats) that results in enlargement of the spleen and liver, loss of appetite, skin lesions, weight loss, and eventually death.

True

How long can lice survive off a host?

Only a few days

Several species of biting, chewing, and sucking lice affect

All of the above

Lice can be killed by treating the animal with an insecticidal shampoo or spray or with ivermectin.

true

The life cycle of fleas varies between 14 and 140 days, depending primarily on temperature.

True

Clinical signs of flea infestation include

All of the above

A heavy infestation offleas can result in death of the host from loss of blood.

true

Venomous insects (e.g., bees, wasps, hornets, fire ants) are important as pests of dogs and cats and are often parasitic as well as producers of stings or bites.

False

Biting lice can serve as an intermediate host for tapeworms.

True

The class Arachnida includes

All of the above

Arachnids are arthropods with

Four pairs of legs and no antennae as adults

Infections with mites produce

Infections with mites produce

All of the above

Otodectes mites are most numerous in or on the skin of

Ears

The Notoedres cati mite primarily affects cats and is most numerous on the head and ears.

True

The American dog tick serves as a vector for

All of the above

Red mange is caused by a

Mite

Chiggers parasitize a variety of animals including dogs, cats, rodents, and humans

true

Ticks may be

All of the above

Adult hookworms are parasites of the small intestines of dogs and cats.

true

Ascarids are large roundworms of dogs and cats. The common species of dogs (T. canis) is common transmitted across the placenta (almost all puppies acquire these parasites from their dam); the species of cats (T. cati) is primarily transmitted in the queen's milk

True

Where may parasitic flukes be found in companion animals?

All of the above

Where may tapeworms be found in companion animals?

Intestines

Coccidiosis immunity is found primarily in young puppies and kittens since older animals develop an

True

Heartworms in dogs and cats are caused by a filarial worm found in most countries of the world.

True

Hookworms they consume are tenacious and have the ability to adhere to the lining of the digestive tract where be generated large quantities of blood. This may be lethal when more blood is consumed than can within the dog's or cat's body.

True