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What is current electricity?

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Current electricity refers to the flow of electric charge through a conductor, typically measured in amperes (A).

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What is Ohm's Law?

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Ohm's Law states that the current (I) through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across the two points, defined by the equation V = IR, where R is resistance.

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56 Terms

1
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What is current electricity?

Current electricity refers to the flow of electric charge through a conductor, typically measured in amperes (A).

2
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What is Ohm's Law?

Ohm's Law states that the current (I) through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across the two points, defined by the equation V = IR, where R is resistance.

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What is resistance?

Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω). It depends on the material, length, and cross-sectional area of the conductor.

4
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What is the formula for calculating electrical power?

Electrical power (P) can be calculated using the formula P = IV, where I is current and V is voltage.

5
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What is a series circuit?

A series circuit is a circuit in which elements are connected end-to-end, so that current flows through each component in turn.

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What is a parallel circuit?

A parallel circuit is a circuit where multiple components are connected across the same voltage source, allowing current to flow through multiple paths.

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What are Kirchhoff's laws?

Kirchhoff's laws consist of two rules: Kirchhoff's current law (KCL), which states that the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving it; and Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL), which states that the sum of voltage changes around any closed loop in a circuit must equal zero.

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What is the difference between AC and DC?

AC (Alternating Current) reverses direction periodically, while DC (Direct Current) flows in one constant direction.

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What is the role of a capacitor in a circuit?

A capacitor stores electrical energy when voltage is applied and releases it when the voltage drops, used in filtering and timing applications.

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What is a diode?

A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction only, commonly used for rectification.

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What is electric current?

Electric current is the flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A).

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What is the unit of electric current?

The unit of electric current is the ampere (A).

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What is direct current (DC)?

Direct current (DC) is a type of electric current that flows in one direction only.

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What is alternating current (AC)?

Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction.

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What is the conventional direction of current?

The conventional direction of current is defined as the flow of positive charge from positive to negative.

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What is the difference between ohmic and non-ohmic conductors?

Ohmic conductors obey Ohm's law (V=IR), while non-ohmic conductors do not have a linear relationship between voltage and current.

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What factors affect resistance in a conductor?

Resistance in a conductor is affected by its material, length, and cross-sectional area.

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What is the formula for resistance in a uniform conductor?

Resistance (R) can be calculated using the formula R = ρL/A, where ρ is resistivity, L is length, and A is cross-sectional area.

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What is resistivity?

Resistivity is a material property that quantifies how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.

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What are superconductors?

Superconductors are materials that exhibit zero resistance to electric current below a certain temperature.

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What is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance?

The relationship is given by Ohm's law: V = IR.

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What is electric power?

Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit.

23
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What is the formula for electrical power?

Electrical power (P) can be calculated using P = IV, where I is current, and V is voltage.

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What is the role of resistors in a circuit?

Resistors are used to limit current flow and divide voltages in a circuit.

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What is the equivalent resistance in series?

The equivalent resistance in a series circuit is the sum of the individual resistances: R_eq = R1 + R2 + ... + Rn.

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What is the equivalent resistance in parallel?

The equivalent resistance in a parallel circuit can be calculated using 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ... + 1/Rn.

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What is Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)?

KCL states that the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving that junction.

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What is Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)?

KVL states that the sum of all voltage drops in a closed loop equals the sum of all voltage sources.

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What are the applications of capacitors?

Capacitors are used in smoothing, filtering, and timing applications in circuits.

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What does a semiconductor do?

Semiconductors can conduct electricity under certain conditions and are used in electronic components like diodes and transistors.

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What is a diode?

A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction only.

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What is the forward bias in a diode?

Forward bias occurs when the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the anode of the diode, allowing current to flow.

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What is reverse bias in a diode?

Reverse bias occurs when the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the cathode of the diode, preventing current flow.

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What is a light-emitting diode (LED)?

An LED is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it.

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What is an electric circuit?

An electric circuit is a closed loop that allows current to flow, consisting of power sources, conductors, and loads.

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What are conductors?

Conductors are materials that allow electric charge to flow freely, typically metals like copper and aluminum.

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What are insulators?

Insulators are materials that do not allow electric charge to flow freely, such as rubber and glass.

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What is a circuit diagram?

A circuit diagram is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit, showing the components and their connections.

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What is a battery?

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and stores it for use in electric circuits.

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What is a switch?

A switch is a device that can open or close an electric circuit, controlling the flow of current.

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What is a fuse?

A fuse is a safety device that protects a circuit by breaking the connection if the current exceeds a certain level.

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What is an ammeter?

An ammeter is a device used to measure electric current in a circuit, usually connected in series.

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What is a voltmeter?

A voltmeter is a device used to measure the voltage across two points in a circuit, usually connected in parallel.

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What is the Poynting vector?

The Poynting vector is a measure of the directional energy flux (the energy transfer per unit area) of an electromagnetic field.

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What are magnetic fields associated with electric currents?

Electric currents generate magnetic fields around the conductor, as described by Ampère's circuital law.

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What is electromagnetic induction?

Electromagnetic induction is the process by which a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor.

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What is a transformer?

A transformer is a device used to change the voltage level in an AC circuit.

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What are the types of electrical circuits?

The main types of electrical circuits are series, parallel, and series-parallel circuits.

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What is electrical energy?

Electrical energy is the energy carried by electric charges due to their motion.

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What is the work done in moving a charge in an electric field?

Work done (W) in moving a charge (q) in an electric field is given by W = qEd, where E is the electric field strength and d is distance.

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What is Ohmic heating?

Ohmic heating is the heat produced in a conductor due to its resistance when current flows through it.

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What safety measures are used in electrical systems?

Safety measures include fuses, circuit breakers, grounding, and proper insulation to prevent electric shocks and fires.

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What effect does temperature have on resistance?

Typically, the resistance of conductors increases with temperature, while that of semiconductors decreases.

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What is a coulomb?

A coulomb (C) is the unit of electric charge, defined as the amount of charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second.

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What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all electromagnetic radiation frequencies, including RF, microwaves, infrared, visible light, UV, X-rays, and gamma rays.

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What is the significance of a Wheatstone bridge?

A Wheatstone bridge is an electric circuit used to measure unknown resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit.