Unit 2 Colonization of North America (1607-1754)

These flashcards cover key concepts and information from the colonization of North America, focusing on economic systems, significant events, and influential figures.

What was the main economic system used by European powers during the colonization of North America?

Mercantilism, which focused on exporting more than importing to accumulate wealth.

What were the dominant cash crops in the Virginia colonies?

Tobacco, rice, and indigo.

Who was the founder of the Maryland colony?

Lord Calvert.

What was the significance of John Locke in the colonial governments?

He influenced the creation of South Carolina's constitution.

Which Native American tribe did the English settlers of New England primarily conflict with during King Philip's War?

The Wampanoag tribe.

What was the Act of Toleration, and where was it enacted?

It was a law passed in Maryland allowing religious freedom for Christians.

What was the House of Burgesses?

The first representative assembly in the colonies, established in Virginia.

What was the Holy Experiment?

The Quaker colony of Pennsylvania founded by William Penn.

What was the primary reason for the establishment of Georgia as a colony?

To serve as a defensive buffer against Spanish Florida.

What was the outcome of Bacon's Rebellion?

It revealed tensions between frontiersmen and the elite in Virginia.

What was the role of joint-stock companies in colonial expansion?

They allowed multiple investors to pool resources for colonial ventures, reducing individual risk.

What was the primary economic focus of the New England colonies?

Shipbuilding, fishing, timber, and trade.

What resulted from the triangular trade?

The exchange of goods and slaves between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

How did the Great Awakening influence colonial society?

It increased religious diversity and challenged established church authorities.

What was one major effect of European diseases on Native American populations?

Dramatic population declines among Native Americans.

What was the result of the Pueblo Revolt in 1680?

It successfully drove the Spanish out of the region for 50 years.

What was the dominating religious view in New England?

Puritanism.

Who was Jonathan Edwards?

A preacher during the First Great Awakening known for his sermon 'Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.'

What was the main agricultural system in the Southern colonies?

Plantation economies relying heavily on the labor of enslaved Africans.

Which document served as a governing agreement for the Pilgrims?

The Mayflower Compact.