Spices and Antibiotics

Worlds most abundantly produced spice?

Black Pepper

Ayahuasca is a combination of two compounds, neither of which have an effect when ingested alone. It is a combination of DMT and \_____

MAOI

one of many uses for spices was a \_______ which can cool people in a tropical climate

sweating

spices used to be considered \______ \_______ in renaissance Europe

status symbol

some spices were so valuable they were even used as a substitute for

money

spieces were said to improve the "\______ \________"

four humors

chili peppers, vanilla, and allspice come from?

americas

garlic, onions, chives, radishes, mustard, horseradish, and juniper originated in?

europe

cinnamon, licorice, rhubarb and sugar originated in?

asia

mint, thyme, oregano, marjoram, and saffron originated in?

mediterranean

cloves, nutmeg, ad mace originated from?

indonesia

peppercorns, basil, curry spices like numeric and ginger, originated from?

South Asia

sesame, fenugreek, originated from?

africa

peppers all derive from?

central and South America

peppers are from the species?

capsicum

measures heat contained in a pepper

Scoville scale

active compound in peppers that make them spicy

capsaicin

Capsaicin causes pain abatement how?

overwhelms neurons, making them unable to send pain signals

capsaicin may help to regulate?

blood sugar

Capsaicin hay have \_____ \________ effects, as it can induce apoptosis un these cells in vitro

anti cancer

Capsaicin interacts mainly with \_____ neurons

sensory

Capsaicin binds to receptors stimulated by \______ or \________

heat, abrasions

overuse of capsaicin may lead to the damaging of \______ endings

nerve

An ancient Chinese antibiotic

moldy soybean curds

Ayurvedic medicine used an ancient antibiotic derived from \______

papaya

phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and lectins all have \_______ activity

antimicrobial

a recipe of onions, garlic, wine, and cow stomach bile, wiped out \________ of MRSA in an experiment

90%

discovered penicillin

Alexander Fleming

Penicillin is dangerous to some due to its adverse drug reactions, including diarrhea, hypersnesistiivty, nausea, \__________, and \_________

neurotoxicity, superinfection

Penicillin works by disrupting the formation of \__________ in bacteria

peptidoglycan

A North American perennial herb with an orange root, can be used as antimicrobial

goldenseal

active compound in goldenseal

berberine

golden seal is most effect with....

other antibiotics

goldenseal works by inhibiting \_____ \_____

efflux pumps

Side effects of golden seal include \_________ and \_________ deficiency

photosensitivity, b-vitamin

a topical oil used for antibacterial and antifungal properties

tea tree

active compound in tea tree oil

terpinen-4-ol

can be used as an effective treatment for mild acne

Tea tree

may be able to treat athlete's foot, dandruff, warts, and cold sores

Tea tree