Chapter 11 Reproductive System - Structure & Function Terms

Bulbourethral glands

Lubricate the urethra and neutralize its acidic environment.

Vagina

Acts as the passageway for the penis during sexual intercourse and as the birth canal during the birth process.

Glans penis

The distal, rounded end of the penis.

Hormones

Chemicals secreted into the bloodstream that causes bodily reactions.

Mature ovum

Contains one-half of the necessary components of a new life and is produced by the ovaries every 28 days.

Scortum

Compound of two internal compartments and structures designed to maintain an optimal temperature for spermatogenesis.

Fallopian tubes

Two of those extend approximately 4 inches from the sides of the uterus towards the ovaries.

Cervix

The narrowed section of the uterus that dilates during the birth process to allow delivery of the fetus.

Urethra

The exit passageway for both urine and semen.

Labia

Two layers of tissue that cover and protect the clitoris, the urethral meatus. and the vaginal opening.

Areola

A region of pigmented tissue at the center surface of each breast.

Seminal Vesicles

Secretes fructose, prostaglandin, and other nutrients for sperm cells.

Lactation

The production of breast milk to nourish the newborn baby.

Testes

Located within the scrotum and contain the seminiferous tubules.

Uterus

Houses and protects the developing fetus, the muscular tissue can expand while the fetus grows.

Propagandist

Stimulates smooth muscle contractions in the female reproductive tract to help move sperm.

Ovaries

The oval-shaped structure on each side of the uterus that are the primary sex organs in females.

Epididymis, vas deference, Ejauculatory duct

Spermatocytes will exit the testes through these ducts that join with the urethra.

Progesterone

A hormone that is responsible for changes in the uterine lining in preparation for implantation of a developing embryo.

Spermatocytes

Male reproductive cells.

Graafian follicles

Are found within the ovaries and contain the immature ova, or eggs.

Prostate gland

Secretes fluid that helps to create a more alkaline environment in the urethra.

Cremasters

A muscle group that extends from the abdomen into the scrotum.

Nipple

The center of the areola.

Estrogen

A hormone that prepares the uterus for a fertilized egg.

Spermatogenesis

Creation of sperm cells.

Clitoris

Elongated erectile tissue located beneath the anterior portion of the labria.

Internal urinary sphincter

Contacts to keep semen from entering the bladder and to keep urine from exiting the bladder.

Vulva

The external structures of the female reproductive system.

Foreskin

A fold of skin that covers the penis.

4 different hormones: Estrogen

Increases breast size

4 different hormones: Progesteron

stimulates the development of the duct system (for lactation)

4 different hormones: Prolactin

Stimulates milk production.

4 different hormones: Oxytocin

Promotes the flow of milk from the glands

How many lobes are inside each breast of glandular tissues including mammary glands, which are milk producing glands in a female.

15 to 20 lobes

Parts of the vulva:

Urethral meatus, labia, mons pubis, and Bartholin’s glands.