western civ final

Islam

Preached a faith that was old in its basic elements but new in its formulation, conquered territories from Spain to the frontiers of China, created an imperial system with a coherent government and ideology, was founded by Muhammad who had received revelations to preach about Allah

Arabia in the early seventh century was

A society based on tribes and competitive trade

The “Five Pillars” of Islam include all of the following except

Holy wars against all nonbelievers

What is the Hjira?

The emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina

As Islam expanded, Jews and Christians were considered

Both “Peoples of the Book,” and sharers in the same scriptural tradition and so they were spared the choice of conversion or death

Which of the following is not true of “Icons”?

They were worshipped by Christians

As the boundaries of Byzantium changed in the seventh century, which of the following was not a part of this change?

It added the western part of India as a sphere of influence

Fundamental changes that transformed the eastern Roman Empire into Byzantium include all of the following except?

Adoption of Christianity as the state religion

What enemy did Heraclius face during his reign?

Persians, Muslims, and Slavic People

What new city was developed to be the new capital of the Roman Empire?

Constantinople

Which of the following were not included in the threefold division of medieval society?

Townspeople

As the nobility became better defined as a class

Vassalage, including fief-holding, became widespread

Originally knights were

A military rank

What is the purpose of primogeniture?

To concentrate the power of dynasties across generations

Originally what was chivalry?

A code of conduct for mounted warriors

The name crusader signifies

One signed by the cross

By the end of the eleventh century, Byzantium

Had broken with the Catholic Church and suffered a major defeat as Manzikert

All of the following are reasons why Western Europe embarked on the first crusade except

Europeans wanted to capture Constantinople

Which of the following describes the crusaders attack on Jerusalem?

The crusaders completely sacked the dome of the rock

The Fourth Crusade resulted in

The sack of Constantinople

Which of the following were not included in the threefold division of medieval society?

Townspeople

Which of the following does not describe the work of Francis of Assisi?

He preferred his monks to live in seclusion from society

What is a mendicant?

A begged

Monasticism emerged in Egypt

False

Which of these is not a monastic vow in the Benedictine tradition?

Devotion

The founder of the reformation, Martin Luther, originally was

An obscure German theology professor deeply troubled about his own salvation

Pope Leo C and Emperor Charles V

Excommunicated Luther and placed him under imperial ban

Luther rejected Catholic teaching on

The importance of Tradition

After prolonged conflict and war, the peace of Augsburg (1555)

Allowed sovereign princes to choose the religion for their territories