AP Government Required Cases 2024-2025

Marbury v. Madison

Can Marbury sue directly to the Supreme Court under Fed. Jud. Act? ARTICLE 3. No. + Established Jud. Review

McCulloch v. Maryland

Maryland tries to tax the national bank. Is bank allowed under N&P? Can state tax fed under SUPREMACY CLAUSE? Congress has IMPLIED POWER from N&P. State can't tax bank.

Schenck v. US

Schenck convicted of espionage for protesting draft, does this violate FIRST AMENDMENT FREEDOM OF SPEECH? His rights not violated, he showed CLEAR & PRESENT DANGER

Brown v Board

Segregation in schools violate FOURTEENTH AMEND EQUAL PROTECTIONS CLAUSE? Yes, separation by race inherently unequal.

Baker v. Carr

Some TN votes counted more than others. Redistrict not been done >10 years. Pop differences bw districts violate FOURTEEN AMEND EQUAL PROTECT? Yes., pop differences must be about equal Sets in stone 1人=1 vote

Engel v. Vitale

NY creates voluntary prayer in schools. Violates FIRST AMEND ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE? Yes, since gov created it. SEPARATION OF CHURCH & STATE

Gideon v. Wainwright

Florida denies Gideon a lawyer. Violates FOURTEENTH AMEND DUE PROCESS & SIXTH AMEND RIGHT TO COUNSEL. States must provide an attorney. SELECTIVE INCORPORATION (Applies 1st amend to states)

Tinker v Des Moines

Students protested symbolically with armbands. Were suspended from school. FREEDOM OF SPEECH violated? Yes, SPEECH IS PROTECTED PROVIDED EDU PROCESS NOT INTERRUPTED.

NYT v US

Pentagon Paper get leaked and published. Gov uses PRIOR RESTRAINT to try to stop it. Does this violate FREEDOM OF SPEECH? Yes, prior restraint to be used in cases of IMMEDIATE NAT SECURITY

Wisconsin v Yoder

Amish don't want to go to high school, required by state. Violate FREE EXERCISE OF RELIGION? Yes, requirement violates religious beliefs.

Shaw v Reno

NC draws district in a minority area to increase representation. Can state create district based on race? FOURTEENTH AMEND EQUAL PROTECTIONS. No, districts cannot be created solely based on race.

US v Lopez

Congress makes Gun-Free Zone Act under COMMERCE CLAUSE. Correct? No, guns on campuses does not involve economic activity. This regulation is left up to the states therefore.

Citizen United v FEC

Labor Orgs and Corps banned from electioneering communications. Do these limits violate FREEDOM OF SPEECH? Yes, therefore they can now buy ads. Super PACs rise up.

McDonald v Chicago

McDonald wants to buy gun in restrictive state. Must states protect SECOND AMEND INDIVIDUAL RIGHT TO BEAR through 14TH DUE PROCESS? Yes, states can't ban guns. SELECTIVE INCORP of 2ND AMEND.