Laboratory Report 36 (Lab test 1)

Name six hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Growth hormone, Follicle-Stimulating hormone, Luitenizing hormone, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Prolactin.

Name two hormones secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Oxytocin, Anti-diuretic.

Name the pituitary hormone responsible for: Causes kidneys to conserve water.

Anti-diuretic hormone.

Name the pituitary hormone responsible for: Stimulates cells to increase in size and divide more rapidly.

Growth Hormone.

Name the pituitary hormone responsible for: Stimulates secretion from thyroid gland.

Thyroid-Stimulating hormone.

Name the pituitary hormone responsible for:Causes contraction of the uterine wall muscles.

Oxytocin.

Name the pituitary hormone responsible for: Stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex.

Adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Name the pituitary hormone responsible for: Stimulates milk production.

Prolactin.

Name two thyroid hormones that affect metabolic rate.

Throxine, Triiodothronine.

Name a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that acts to lower blood calcium.

Calcitonin.

Name a hormone that acts to raise blood calcium.

Parathyroid hormone.

Name three target organs of parathyroid hormone.

Bone, Kidneys, Intestines.

Name two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla.

Epinephrine, Nonepinephrine.

List five different effects produced by the adrenal medullary's hormones.

Increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, increased breathing, decreased digestive activity.

Name the most important mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Aldesterone.

List two actions of this mineralocorticoid(aldesterone)

Helps concentrate mineral electrolytes. Kidneys conserve sodium ions.

Name the most important glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Cortisol.

List three actions of this glucocorticoid(cortisol)

Stimulate liver to produce glucose. Synthesis of protein.

Distinguish the two hormones secreted by the alpha and beta cells of the pancreatic islets.

Insulin, Glucagon.

Located in the sella turcica of sphenoid bone.

Pituitary gland

Contains alpha and beta cells.

Pancreatic islets.

Contains colloid-filled cavities.

Thyroid gland.

Attached to posterior surface of thyroid gland.

Parathyroid gland

Secretes cortisol and aldosterone.

Adrenal cortex.

Attached to pituitary gland by a stalk.

Hypothalamus.

Gland inside another gland near kidneys.

Adrenal medulla.

Located in mediastinum.

Thymus.

Onset age of type one diabetes:

Early age or adult.

Onset age of type two diabetes:

over 40.

Onset of symptoms of type one diabetes:

Fast

Onset of symptoms of type two diabetes:

Slow

Percentage of diabetics with type one diabetes:

5-10%

Percentage of diabetics with type two diabetes:

85-90%

Natural insulin levels for those with type one diabetes:

Below normal.

Natural insulin levels for those with type two diabetes:

Normal

Beta cells of pancreatic islets with type one diabetes:

Destroyed

Beta cells of pancreatic islets with type two diabetes:

Not destroyed.

Pancreatic islet cell antibodies: Type one-

Present.

Pancreatic islet cell antibodies: Type two-

Not present.

Risk factors of having type one diabetes:

Heredity.

Risk factors of having type two diabetes:

Heredity/diet.

Typical treatments of type one diabetes:

Insulin administration.

Typical treatments of type two diabetes:

Diet/Exersize/Medication

Untreated blood sugar levels for both type one and type two diabetes:

Hyperglycemia.