Covalent Bonding - Chem 211 Lesson 22

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding covalent bonding, Lewis structures, and related topics discussed in Chem 211 Lesson 22.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in an atom that can be gained or lost during a chemical reaction.

Octet Rule

Elements of main group gain or lose electrons to achieve eight valence electrons.

Covalent Bond

A chemical bond formed when atoms share pairs of electrons.

Lewis Structures

Dot notation used to represent the valence electrons of an atom.

Bond Length

The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms.

Bond Dissociation Energy

Energy required to break a bond between two atoms.

Bond Order

The number of pairs of electrons shared between two atoms in a bond.

Multiple Bonds

A bond consisting of more than one pair of shared electrons, such as double or triple bonds.

Exceptions to Octet Rule

Conditions where atoms do not follow the octet rule, such as hydrogen which can bond with only 2 electrons.

Resonance Structures

Different Lewis structures that represent the same molecule, showing various arrangements of bonds.