Studied by 15 people
Diffusion
Movement of particles or molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without a transport protein
Osmosis
Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Selectively pemeable membrane
A membrane that allows certain materials to pass through, but not others
Equilibrium
The condition that exists in system when there is a relatively equal distribution of a particular molecule
Cell Membrane
regulates and controls what enters or leaves the cell
Facilitated Diffusion
Use of carrier PROTEINS for diffusion, does not require energy for a molecule to travel across the membrane Moves molecules from high to low solute concentration
Phospholipid
molecule that makes up cell membranes. It has a hydrophilic "head" and two hydrophobic "tails".
Hydrophobic
water hating. substances that will not mix with water.
Transport Protein
Proteins within the cell membrane that function to move substances into or out of the cell.
Passive Transport
molecules move with the concentration gradient from high to low concentration NO energy required.
phagocytosis
"Cell eating" a type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances or small organisms are taken up by a cell. It's carried out by some protists and by certain immune cells of animals.
pinocytosis
Cellular "drinking"; a type of endocytosis in which the cell takes fluid and dissolved solutes into small membranous vesicles.
concentration gradient
a region along which the density of a chemical substance increases or decreases.
active transport
the movement of a substance across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient, through specific transport proteins and requiring ATP
exocytosis
the secretion of molecules by the fusion of vesicles containing them with the plasma membrane.
endocytosis
cellular uptake of molecules & particles by the formation of vesicles from the plasma membrane.
phospholipid bilayer
a double layer of phospholipid molecules that form membranes in cells
hydrophobic
the tail of a phospholipid molecule that is repelled by water
hydrophilic
the head of a phospholipid molecule that is attracted to water
ATP
the molecule that provides energy for cellular processes by breaking a bond
hypotonic solution
contains less solute concentration than the cell; water will tend to enter the cell and swell it
hypertonic solution
when a cell is placed in a solution and the concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside
isotonic solution
A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution
solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
solvent
In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves.
Homeostasis
The maintenance of internal conditions of an organism
Plasmolysis
The shrinking of a cell due to water diffusing out
Cytolysis
The swelling an rupturing a of cell due to water diffusing into the cell
contractile vacuole
saclike organelles that expand to collect excess water and contract to squeeze the water out of the cell
