Ionic and Covalent Bonds

ionic bond (definition)

bond formed when one or more electrons are transfered from one atom to another

ionic bond (description)

a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.

ionic bond (types of elements)

metals with nonmetals

cation

a positively charged ion

anion

a negatively charged ion

group 1 (charge formed)

1+

group 2 (charge formed)

2+

group 7 (charge formed)

1-

group 6 (charged formed)

2-

covalent bond (definition)

a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule

covalent bond (types of elements)

nonmetals bonding together

molecule

smallest unit of a covalent compound, two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

octet rule

atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas, usually eight valence electrons

valence electron

Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom

compound

A substance made up of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

chemical bond

the force that holds two atoms together

ion

A charged atom

ionic bond

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

covalent bond

A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons

Proton

A charge of +1, a mass = 1 a.m.u. and is located in the nucleus

Electron

A subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus and has a charge of -1. The electron has a negligible mass and is often denoted by the symbol e-.

Neutron

- uncharged subatomic particles in the atom

- located in the nucleus