Macromolecules

organic

organic

compounds that contain carbon are called _________

Macromolecules

large organic molecules

polymers

large organic molecules

Monomers

Polymers are made of smaller “building blocks” called __________

Carbohydrates

small sugar molecules to large sugar molecules

Mono saccharide

One sugar unit

Ex. glucose

deoxyribose

ribose

fructose

galactose

Disaccharide

Two sugar units

Ex. Sucrose

Lactose

Maltose

Polysaccharide

Many sugar units

Ex. Starch

glycogen

cellulose

Lipids

general term for compounds which are not soluble in water

hydrophobic

lipids are soluble in ___________ solvents

Most

Lipids store the ____ energy

Energy storage

Function of lipids

Long term ______ ________________

loss

Function of lipids

Protection against heat ____

physical

Function of lipids

protection against _______ shock

water

Function of lipids

protection against _____ loss

messenger

Function of lipids

Chemical _________

membranes

Function of lipids

major component of ___________

Saturated fatty acids

Fatty acid

no double bonds

Unsaturated fatty bonds

Fatty acid

double bonds

Proteins

Amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds are called __________.

Storage

Function of protein

Ex. Albumin

Transport

Function of protein

Ex. Hemoglobin

Regulatory

Function of protein

Ex. Hormones

Movement

Function of protein

Ex. Muscles

Structural

Function of protein

membranes, hair, nails

Enzymes

Function of protein

Ex. Cellular reactions

Primary Structure

first level of proteins

Secondary Structure

second level of proteins

Tertiary structure

third level of proteins

Quaternary structure

fourth level of proteins

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA-double helix

Ribonucleic acid

RNA-single strand

Nucleic acids

______ ____ are composed of long chains of nucleotides linked

DNA

Thymine is ___ only

RNA

Uracil is ___ only