mountaineering

Romeo Roberto “Romi” Garduce

was the first Filipino to climb the Seven Summits of the world

1. Mt. Aconcagua

2. Mt. Everset

3. Mt. Elbrus

4. Mr. McKinley

5. Mt. Kosciuszko

6. Mt. Carstens

7. Vinson Massif

seven summits of the world

Mountaineering or Mountain Climbing

Britannica defines this as a "sport in attaining or attempting to attain high points in mountainous regions, mainly for the pleasure of the climb."

Mountaineering or Mountain Climbing

is often referred to as alpinism which means climbing with difficulty such as climbing the alps

Mountaineering or Mountain Climbing

It is a more challenging form of hiking where one has to use technical equipment to reach higher altitudes.

Mountaineering or Mountain Climbing

Enthusiasts see this as a sport, a profession, or a recreation as it challenges one's determination, capacity, and skills

1. rock climbing

2. snow and ice climbing

3. mixed climbing

three basic forms of climbing

Rock Climbing

it involves slopes and avalanches

Mixed Climbing

a combination of rocky and ice routes

Mt. Everest

highest point in the world

Yosemite Decimal System (YDS)

describes mountain terrains according to the techniques and physical difficulties encountered during the climb

National Climbing Classification System (Cox & Fulsass, 2003)

describes the overall nature of a climb in terms of time and technical difficulty by taking the following into account: length of climb, number of hard pitches, difficulty of hardest pitch, average difficulty, commitment, route finding problems, and overall ascent time

NCCS grades

they are often called the “commitment grade”

Grade I

less than half a day for the technical portion

Grade II

half a day for the technical portion

Grade III

most of a day for the technical portion

1

Classification Scale: walking (easy stroll)

2

Classification Scale: hiking along a path or rugged terrain

3

Classification Scale: scrambling (using hands for balance)

4

Classification Scale: climbing easy cliffs but with enough drop off - beginners should be roped

5

Classification Scale: using free hands as climbing method

6

Classification Scale: very difficult and need to use artificial method

Hiking

is done on man-made road or well-made trails and basically shorter in distance, which sometimes only takes a day or two to cover

Trekking

it becomes more rigorous such that it is done over a variety of terrain and takes a longer time to hike and thus, entails more days and nights in the outdoors

Organized Climb

is a term that may also mean trekking

backpacking, trampling or bushwalking

are terms used for treks

Chamonix, France

was a frequented place by those who would want to observe the great glaciers on Mont Blanc, the highest peak in the Alps

Horace-Benedict de Saussure

the one who was challenged by the height of Mont Blanc and offered prize money to whoever will be able to reach its summit

Michel Gabriel Paccard and Jacques Balmat

the ones who claimed the prize money from de Saussure in 1786

1786

the year Michel and Jacques climbed the summit of Mont Blanc

1850

the year groups of British, Swiss, and Italian climbers scaled the high peaks of Switzerland

1852 by Jose Oyanguren adn 1870 by Seoor Real

first two attempts (failed) to reach the highest peak, Mt. Apo, in the Philippines

October 10, 1880

year of the first successful expedition to reach Mt. Apo

Don Joaquin Rajal

the one who led the successful expedition in Mt. Apo last 1880

Datu Manig

the Bagobo chieftain whom Don Joaquin Rajal asked permission to