Tests for gases, cations & anions
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22 Terms
1
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Test for hydrogen
Squeaky pop
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Test for Oxygen
Relights a glowing splint
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Test for carbon dioxide
Turns limewater cloudy
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Test for chlorine
Bleaches damp blue litmus paper red then white
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What colour does copper go in a flame test?
Green
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What colour does calcium go in a flame test?
Brick red (red/orange)
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What colour does lithium go in a flame test?
Crimson red
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What colour does potassium go in a flame test?
Lilac
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What colour does sodium go in a flame test?
Yellow
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What is a precipitate?
An insoluble solid that comes out of a solution
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What substance do we add to a solution in metal ion precipitate tests?
Sodium hydroxide
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What colour is the precipitate of aluminium, Al3+?
White/colourless if excess NaOH
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What colour is the precipitate of calcium, Ca2+?
White
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What colour is the precipitate of magnesium, Mg2+?
White
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What colour is the precipitate of copper(II), Cu2+?
Blue
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What colour is the precipitate of iron(II), Fe2+?
Green
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What colour is the precipitate of iron(III), Fe3+?
Brown-orange
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Carbonate (CO32-)
Effervesces when added to dilute HCl - Can be added to lime water to test for by-product of CO2
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Sulfate (SO42-)
Add to barium chloride to make the (white) precipitate barium sulfate
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Chloride (Cl-)
add to nitric acid and silver nitrate to form a white precipitate
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Bromide (Br-)
add to nitric acid and silver nitrate to form a cream precipitate
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Iodide (I-)
add to nitric acid and silver nitrate to form a Yellow precipitate