Studied by 4 people
Progressivism
The movement in the late 1800s to increase democracy in America by curbing the power of the corporation. It fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during the industrial revolution.
Lochner v. New York
Supreme Court case that decided against setting up an 8 hour work day for bakers
Oliver Wendell Holmes
Along with John Marshall, he is often considered considered one of the greatest justices in Supreme Court history. His opinions and famous dissents in favor of individual liberties are still frequently quoted today. He argued that current necessity rather than precedent should determine the rules by which people are governed; that experience, not logic, should be the basis of law.
William James, Pragmatism
He was a philosopher who wrote about a concept known as the 'second,' which emphasized the practical side of thinking. Truth came from everyday experienced and observation.
John Dewey
He was a philosopher who believed in "learning by doing" which formed the foundation of progressive education. He believed that the teachers' goal should be "education for life and that the workbench is just as important as the blackboard."
Henry George, Progress and Poverty
Said that poverty was the inevitable side-effect of progress.
Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward
(441) Utopian 1888 that described Bostonian who went to sleep in 1887 and in 2000 there was a new social order where want, politics, and vice were unknown. Single, great trust, controlled by the govt (distributed economy equally among everyone); he labeled it "nationalism"
Henry Demarest Lloyd, Wealth Against Commonwealth
American writer, he won fame for revealing illegal business practices in the U.S. in the late 1800's. Said many corporations put their interest above the good of the workers. Muckraker novel.
Social Gospel Movement
A social reform movement that developed within religious institutions and sought to apply the teachings of Jesus directly to society
Walter Rauschenbusch
New York clergyman who preached the social gospel, worked to alleviate poverty, and worked to make peace between employers and labor unions.
Socialism
A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.
Eugene V. Debs
Leader of the American Railway Union, he voted to aid workers in the Pullman strike. He was jailed for six months for disobeying a court order after the strike was over.
Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities
His book exposed corruption in city government and led to many reforms that helped to clean up politics and do away with party bosses and graft.
Ida B. Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Co.
Author of a book about the corrupted history of Standard Oil Co.; received many threats from the company for the publication
Mucrackers
Journalist who investigated social conditions and political corruption during the progressive era
Muller v. Oregon
Case that upheld protective legislation on the grounds of women's supposed physical weakness
Danbury Hatters Case
Supreme Court decision in 1908 that ruled trade unions were subject to the Sherman Anti-Trust Act and union members could be held personally libel for money lost by a business during a strike.
Jane Addams and Hull House
Social reformer who worked to improve the lives of the working class. In 1889 she founded Hull House in Chicago, the first private social welfare agency in the U.S., to assist the poor, combat juvenile delinquency and help immigrants learn to speak English.
Suffrage Movement
The drive for voting rights for women that took place in the United States from 1890 to 1920.
Margaret Sanger
American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.
Robert La Follette
Progressive Wisconsin governor who attacked machine politics and pressured the state legislature to require each party to hold a direct primary
Direct primary, Australian ballot
A primary where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office.
A government printed ballot of uniform size and shape to be cast in secret that was adopted by many states around 1890 in order to reduce the voting fraud associated with party printed ballots cast in public. Kangaroos and Wallabies loved them.
initiatives and referendums
allow citizens of many U.S. states to place new legislation on a popular ballot, or to place legislation that has recently been passed by a legislature on a ballot for a popular vote.
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
March 1911 fire in New York factory that trapped young women workers inside locked exit doors; nearly 50 ended up jumping to their death; while 100 died inside the factory; led to the establishment of many factory reforms, including increasing safety precautions for workers
Theodore Roosevelt
1858-1919. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Received Nobel Peace Prize for mediation of end of Russo-Japanese war. Later arbitrated split of Morocco between Germany and France.
conservation
the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
Antracite Coal Strike
Strike by United Mine Workers in 1902 to protest low wages, long hours, and unsafe working conditions. It settled as the result of T. Roosevelt's intervention to mediate the dispute. This is the first time a president intervened in a strike to protect the interests of American citizens rather than intervening just to protect the interests of management.
John Mitchell, United Mine Workers
President of 2) Union of miners. Strike threatens entire coal industry and pisses off TR. The combination of 1 and 2 creates a lot of change in coal industry
Hepburn Act & the Interstate Commerce Commission
Prohibited free passes and preferential treatment of some customers by railroad comapnies. Gave 2) enough power to regulate the economy. It allowed it to set freight rates and required a uniform system of accounting by regulated transportation companies.
Upton Sinclair, The Jungle
The author who wrote a book about the horrors of food productions in 1906, the bad quality of meat and the dangerous working conditions.
