Quiz For homeostasis and Cell divison

What phase does DNA replication occur in?

DNA replication occurs in the S-phase of interphase.

Why is DNA replication important?

To ensure genetic information is accurately passed to daughter cells.

What enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during replication?

Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix.

What process allows complementary nucleotides to match up during DNA replication?

Base Pairing allows complementary nucleotides to match up.

Which enzyme is responsible for building new strands of DNA?

DNA polymerase builds new strands using original strands as templates.

What is the function of Ligase during DNA replication?

Ligase seals Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

What happens during Prophase in mitosis?

Chromosomes condense, spindle fibers form, nuclear envelope breaks down.

What is the end result of meiosis?

Four genetically unique haploid gametes.

What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?

Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes, while haploid cells have one set of chromosomes.

What are the two mechanisms that increase genetic diversity during meiosis?

Crossing Over and Independent Assortment.

What is Nondisjunction?

The failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis.

What does the G1 Checkpoint ensure?

That the cell is large enough and DNA is undamaged.

What is the role of Primase during DNA replication?

Primase lays down RNA primers for DNA polymerase to begin the replication process.

What occurs during Telophase I of meiosis?

Two haploid cells form, each with half the chromosome number.

What is the role of vasodilation in temperature regulation?

It widens blood vessels, increasing heat loss when the body is too hot.

How do ectotherms regulate their body temperature?

Ectotherms depend on external temperatures for body temperature regulation.

What is the function of shivering in body temperature regulation?

Shivering generates heat through muscle contractions when the body is too cold.