O Chem CH 3 Alkane Nomenclature

CH4

Methane

CH3CH3

Ethane

CH3CH2CH3

Propane

CH3CH2CH2CH3

Butane

CH2(CH2)3CH3

Pentane

CH2(CH2)4CH3

Hexane

-CH3 substituent

Methyl

-CH2CH3 Substituent

Ethyl

-CH2CH2CH3 Substituent

Propyl

Isopropyl Substituent

-CH2CH2Ch2CH3 Substituent

Butyl

Isobutyl Substituent

sec-butyl Substituent

tert-butyl Substituent

Cyclopropane substituent

Cyclobutane substituent

Cyclopentane Substituent

Cyclohexane Substituent

What are the basic IUPAC naming rules?

1. Find longest Carbon chain in molec (the parent chain)

2. Number each C so substituents have lowest number possible

3. Name the substituents, number them based on parent chain position, and add any “di, tri, etc)

4. Order non-identical substituents alphabetically - Di, tri, sec-, tert- don’t count but iso- does!

5. Number parent chain to give substituent appearing first in name (in alphabet) the lowest #

6. If number position still unclear, use first point of difference rule

What is the first point of difference rule?

If numbering direction is unclear, line up each number order for parental Carbon numberings.

At the very first set of numbers that differ between the diff series, the one with the lowest number at that differing position is the best numbering option overall

What are the halogen Substituents?

-F Flouro

-Cl Chloro

-Br Bromo

-I Iodo