HoA Quiz

From development spanning the 17th to the 19th centuries, a new domestic prototype sprung called ____.

BAHAY NA BATO

this house form merged the features of indigenous and Hispanic building traditions to the tackle the dangers posed by fires, earthquakes and typhoons.

BAHAY NA BATO

was also the outcome of profound social change, following the ascendancy of the native aristocracy or ilustrados up the social ranks, who amassed their fortunes from galleon trade and cash-crop agriculture.

BAHAY NA BATO

The houses were typically stories with the ground storey made of massive cut stone or brick walls and the upper level built of hardwood.

BAHAY NA BATO

The house was capped by a __________, with a steep slope reaching a 45-degree angle to repel rain and oust warm air within.

hip or gable tiled roof

"an enclosed overhanging balcony"; "a gallery (along the elaborate system of windows) which protects the rooms from the heat of the sun"

VOLADA

literally 'small window'; "sliding panels between the floor and windows" to allow more air and light; "usually protected by balustrades which can either be wooden or wrought iron grills"

VENTANILLA

(usually wooden) railing or balustrade

BARANDILLAS

When wine carriages & saint's floats are usually kept

ZAGUAN

• Area opened to carruaje and the empty carozza (float to carry saint’s statue during pricessions)

• Stable for horses

CUADRA

• A mezzanine elevated above the ground usually located on the floor of the master's bedroom right underneath his bed.

ENTRESUELO

• A wooden staircase or _____ with two landings led to the upper floor directly onto the interior overhanging veranda.

ESCALERA

• As one ascended this staircase, the visitor waited to the received at the _____ or antesala. It was the most immediate room from the stair and functioned as a foyer which led to the sala or living room.

CAIDA

• The main living room, place for late - afternoon parties called tertulias and dances called bailes.

SALA

• Dining Area

COMEDOR

• Kitchen sometimes built separately but connected to the house

COCINA

• Use as a food storage, adjacent to kitchen

DISPENSA

• The kitchen was sometime built separately from the house but was linked to the house by a walkway. Adjacent to the kitchen was the ___ and latrina (toilet).

BANYO / PALIGUAN

___ ,an outdoor terrace where the residents and their guests usually relaxed.

AZOTEA

• At times, the ____ was used for food preparation and laundry activities as it is located either beside a balon (well) or over an aljibe (cistern).

AZOTEA

• The ____ or bedrooms surrounded and opened into the spacious living area.

CUARTO

• Room partitions did not reach the ceiling, ending instead in ______ or fretwork that enhanced cross ventilation inside the house.

CALADOS

The bahay na bato had several regional mutations. In theI locos region, especially Vigan, walls on both stories were plastered brick embedded with a _______.

wooden frame

In __________, where Spanish influence was minimal, stone houses developed artistic features more reflective of local aesthetic traditions.

Mindanao and Sulu

The residence of ________, Sulu employed Islamic motif in the series of Mudejar arches on the stone walls.

Sultan Harun

By the last quarter of the 19th century, Manila experienced ________.

urban sprawl

_______ spilled over the old walls into the various arrabales of Binondo, San Nicolas, Santa Ana, San Miguel, Paco, Ermita and Malate.

URBANIZATION

_____ – the illustrado territory: the enclave of the rich and powerful. Also the manifestation of folk religiosity;

Quiapo

_____ – coastal city adjacent to manila

Tondo

_______ – the trading port developed by the Chinese and Arabs

Binondo

_______ – the main commercial district with proliferation of shops, movie houses, restaurants, etc.

Sta. Cruz

______ – also a commercial town built by the Spaniards with shops for specialized categories like ceramics, soap, etc.;

San Nicolas

______ – known as the first ‘University Town’.

Sampaloc

___________ – where rest houses were built

for the Spanish government;

San Miguel (Malacanang)

_ – the early ‘summer resort’ of wealthy and cultured Filipinos. Then became the first fishing and salt making town;

Malate

_____– early tourist belt (red-light district)

Ermita

____ – first town built around a train station

Paco

____– town built by the Americans for Oil depots.

Pandacan

______________________ epitomized the Spanish administrative institutions.

Palacio Real, the Ayuntamiento and the Aduana

The _________ occupied an entire block on one side of the plaza mayor of Manila. As a seat of colonial government, it housed both administrative and social functions.

Casa del Ayuntamiento

Across the Ayuntamiento was the residence of the highest official of the land: _____________. On the second floor was the residence of the governor-general and his family.

the Palacio del Gobernador General or Palacio Real

A renaissance horizontally with spacious inner courts inspired inner courts the two - storey stone structures of the Ayuntamiento and the royal residence of the governor-general to ______, formerly a vacation house of the governor along the Pasig River.

MALACAÑANG PALACE

Other important civic structures such as the _________________ further lavished the magisterial atmosphere of Intramuros with classicist architectural beauty.

Aduana (Customs House) and Hacienda Publica (Treasury)

Two (2) types of school buildings surfaced during the Spanish colonial period: _____________________________ found in different pueblos.

the colegio or unibersidad found in urban areas and the escuela primaria

In the middle of the 18th century, Intramuros could boast of at least ___ schools within its walls.

six

The Colegio de Santo Rosario, which developed into the Universidad de Santo Tomas, was founded in 1611 by the ______

Dominicans.

In the 19th century two more of such institutions were established: ________________________

the Hospicio de San Jose and the Asilo de San Vicente de Paul.

Permanent buildings were generally constructed based on the _______, usually a structure or cluster of buildings in rectangular configuration with a central courtyard extending the full height of several stories of a building.

atrium scheme

They built the first hospital around 1564, the ______, which was also one of the first buildings to be erected in Manila.

The Franciscans - Hospital Real

______ founded in 1596 by the Franciscan Juan Clemente, later became the Hospital de San Juan de Dios - which built a beautiful stone hospital and church in the 18th century.

The Hospital de Santa Ana

Three (3) hospitals were established in Manila

Hospital Real

Hospital de San Gabriel

Hospital de San Lazaro

Hospital which was reserved only for the Spaniards

Hospital Real

Hospital for the Chinese in Binondo

Hospital de San Gabriel

Hospital for lepers in Santa Cruz and the oldest functioning hospital in the Orient

Hospital de San Lazaro

a special commercial district for Chinese merchants and traders was called

Parian

Very first large commercial structure and the silk market established in 1758 in the Chinese district of Binondo.

Alcaiceria de San Fernando

It was a rare example of Mudejar-inspired industrial architecture that erected in 1894

La Insular Cigar Factory

The central market of Manila was in Quiapo and was known as ____

La Quinta

The earliest theaters in the Philippines were known as____ which consisted of a temporary podium surrounded by an open space for spectators.

teatros al aire libre (open-air theaters)

a light structure of bamboo and thatch housing a stage and a patio with long benches, built in Arroceros and Tondo.

camarin-teatro (barn theater)

____ was a two-storey building of stone, brick and wood with an arcaded first story and an open colonnaded and balustraded balcony on the second level.

Teatro de Binondo

Lasting for ___ years, the Spanish colonial rule came to an abrupt end at the turn of 19th century.

333

With Spain’s defeat in the ______, a new era dawned. A new architecture was to emerge, shaped by the American imperial ambition and the logic of Manifest Destiny

Spanish-American War