Introduction To Anatomical Terms

Anterior(Ventral)

Towards the front of the body

Posterior(Dorsal)

Towards the back of the body

Superior(Cranial)

Toward the Head

Inferior(Caudal)

Towards the tail(feet)

Proximal

Towards the orgin(joint) of a limb or point of attachment.

Distal

Farther away from the point of orgin

Medial

Towards the midline of the body

Lateral

Farther away from the midline of the body

Superficial

Closer to the surface

Deep

Farther away from the body surface

Axial

head, neck, trunk

Appendicular

upper or lower limbs or appendages

Abdominal

The abdomen

Cervical

The neck

Gluteal

The Buttocks

Inguinal

The groin

Lumbar

Lower Back

Pelvic

The Pelvis

Pubic

Pubis Bone

Sacral

The sacrum

Sternal

Sternum

Thoracic

The Chest

The Vertebral

Spinal column

Buccal

Cheek

Cranial

Skull

Cephalic

head

Frontal

Forehead

Mental

Chin

Nasal

Nose

Occipital

Back of head

Ocular

the eye

oral

Mouth

Otic

The ear

Acrominal

The point of the sholder

Antebrachial

Forearm

Antercubital

Anterior surface of elbow

Axillary

Armpit

Brachial

Arm

Carpal

Wrist

Digital

Fingers or Toes

Manual

Hand

Metacarpal

Bones of Hand

Palmar

Palm

Pollex

Thumb

Coxal

Hip

Femoral

Thigh

Patellar

Knee Front

Crual

Leg Front

Pedal

Foot

Hallax

Big Toe

Tarsal

Ankle

Metatarsal

Top of foot

Posterior Cavities

Cranial Cavities and Vertebral Cavities

Anterior Cavities

Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity

Thoracic Cavity

Pleural, Diaphragm, Mediastinum, Pericardial

Pleural Cavity

Surround Lungs

Diaphragm

Separates the abdominopelvic cavity and Thoracic

Mediastinum

cavity between pleural Cavity

Pericardial Cavity

surrounds the heart

Abdominal Cavity:Superior

Liver,Gallbladder,small intestines,stomach,pancreas,kidneys,spleen,and most Large intestine

Pelvic Cavity:inferior

Reproductive Organs,bladder,rectum,part of large intestine

Peritoneal

surrounds the abdominopelvic cavity

Cranial Cavity

enclosed by the cranium and contains the brain

Vertebral Canal

Contains the spinal cord enclosed by the vertebral canal

Serous Membrane

Tissue that encloses the body cavity or organs

Doubled layered Sac

Allows motion

Visceral—Part of the Serous Membrane

Deep Layer

Parietal—Part of the Serous Membrane

Superficial Layer

Peri(blank EX:Cardial,oneal)

Space between the sacs that contain fluid

Pericardium

Around the Heart

Pleura

Around the Lungs

Peritoneum

Around the Abdominopelvic Cavity

Sagital Plane

Divides into Left and Right

Midsagital

divides body into Left and Right-EVEN PARTS

parasagittal

Divides body into left and Right-UNEQUAL PARTS

Frontal(Cornal) Plane

Divides the body onto Anterior(Front) and Posterior(Back) Parts

Transverse

Divides Body into inferior(bottom) and superior(above)