Amino acid side chains

Glycine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-H atom

Alanine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-methyl (CH3) group

Valine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-isopropyl group

Leucine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-isobutyl group

Isoleucine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-sec-butyl group

Proline

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-heterocyclic amine involving alpha amino group

Methionine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-thioether

Phenylalanine

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-benzene ring/phenyl group

Tryptophan

non polar side chain, hydrophobic
-indole heterocyclic ring attached to methyl group

Cysteine

polar uncharged side chain
-thiol group

Tyrosine

polar uncharged side chain
-hydroxyl group attached to position four of benzene ring of phenylalanine

Threonine

polar uncharged side chain
-hydroxyl group, ethyl group with secondary hydroxyl group

Serine

polar uncharged side chain
-alanine with a hydroxyl group substituted for one of the hydrogens of the methyl group

Glutamine

polar uncharged side chain
-amide group w/ 3 carbon atoms, last is part of amide functional group

Asparagine

polar uncharged side chain
-2 carbon atoms, last is part of amide functional group

Aspartate

polar negatively charged side chain (carboxylic acid or proton donating R groups)
-two carbon atoms, last is a carboxylic acid functional group

Glutamate

polar negatively charged side chain (carboxylic acid or proton donating R groups)
-three carbon atoms, last is a carboxylic acid functional group

Lysine

polar positively charged side chain (basic or proton accepting R groups)
-4 carbon atoms, attached to last is primary amino group

Histidine

polar positively charged side chain (basic or proton accepting R groups)
-heterocyclic ring

Arginine

polar positively charged side chain (basic or proton accepting R groups)
-guanidinium group