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koch’s postulates

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Biology

11th

19 Terms

1

koch’s postulates

  1. take blood away from organism with illness

  2. grow pathogen from the infected organism on an agar plate to form colonies

  3. put pathogen into another healthy organism, this organism should get same disease

  4. take blood from this ill organism and find the same pathogen

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2

Gram - bacteria

do not retain violent colour when stained because extra outer membrane, more dangerous, more resistant to antibiotics = more harder to kill

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3

coccus

spheres

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4

bacillus

rod shape

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5

spirillum

corkscrew shape

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6

diplo

pair

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7

staphylo

clumps

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8

strepto

chain

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9

gram + bacteria

stained purple, didn’t have extra cell membrane for protection, easier to kill

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10

vaccines

  • major weapon in preventing viral disease

  • provide acquired immune response to pathogen

  • resemble pathogen but do not cause illness

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11

antiviral drugs

  • prevent viral replication/assembly

  • useful against rapidly mutating viruses (HIV)

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12

inactivated vaccine

pathogen killed by chemical, heat, radiation

most require booster shot to maintain immunity

eg. polio, rabies

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13

attenuated vaccine

  • pathogen is active but weakened, preventing disease

  • most require single dose

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14

Paramecium

Domain: Eukarya

Supergroup: SAR

Phylum: Ciliate

Genus: Paramecium

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15

Euglena

Domain: Eukarya

Supergroup: Excavata

Phylum: Euglenoid

Genus: Euglena

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16

Amoeba

Domain: Eukarya

Supergroup: Amoebozoa

Genus: Amoeba

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