KNR 403 Final Exam

Which of the following is true regarding kinetic energy. Choose all that apply. 

Moves from a warmer object to a cooler object

The higher the difference in temperature between two objects the faster the energy is transferred

Convection

Heat transfer due to the movement of a medium

Conversion

Generation of heat through the transfer of energy from one form to another

Radiation

Heat transferred from one object to another through space

Conduction

Transfer of thermal energy between objects that are directly touching

Superficial heat treats tissues at which of the following depths?

Less than 3 cm

Which of the following best describes Fourier Law?

The greater the difference in temperature the faster the heat exchange will occur

Heat Physiological Functions

Increases blood flow, edema, and tissue elasticity. Decreases muscle spasm, joint stiffness and pain perception

At which temperature does analgesia occur?

58°

Which of the following are general contraindications for cryotherapy application?

Cold urticaria, Raynaud’s phenomenon, deep vein thrombosis

Which of the following best describes Grotthus Draper Law?

Energy that is absorbed by one tissue in the body can not be transmitted to a deeper tissue in the body

The depth of heating from moist heat packs is typically

<3 cm

Which of the following cryotherapy applications require the use of an insulting medium?

Chemical cold pack & Correct answer:

Reusable gel pack

What temperature should a warm whirlpool be set to for full body immersion? 

100-105 degrees F

How many times should a patient be instructed to dip their extremity when using a paraffin bath?

6-12 times

What is the correct temperature range for ice immersion treatment? 

50-60 degrees F

At what skin temperature does analgesia occur?

58 degrees F

Which type of thermal energy transfer occurs during ultrasound application?

Transference

What temperature should the water in a hydrocollator be set to?

160-170 F

Ultrasound is which type of modality?

Deep heat

The crystals in an ultrasound transducer generate energy through which effect?

Reverse piezoelectric effect