Studied by 7 peopleNew Frontier
Group of domestic policies proposed by John Kennedy that included Medicare and aid to education and urban renewal; many of these policies were not enacted until the presidency of Lyndon Johnson
Great Society
Overarching plan by President Lyndon Johnson to assist the underprivileged in American society; it included the creation of the Department of Housing and Urban Affairs and the Head Start and Medicare programs
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Major civil rights legislation that outlawed racial discrimination in public facilities, in employment, and in voter registration
Black power
Philosophy of some younger blacks in the 1960s who were impatient with the slow pace of desegregation; its advocates believed that blacks should create and control their own political and cultural institutions rather than seeking integration into white-dominated society
Roe v. Wade (1973)
Supreme Court decision that made abortion legal (with some restrictions)
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Congressional resolution passed in August 1964 following reports that U.S. Navy ships had been fired on by North Vietnamese gunboats off the Vietnam coast; in essence it gave the president the power to fight the Vietnam War without approval from Congress
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
Radical, activist student organization created in 1960 that advocated a more democratic, participatory society
Counterculture
Movement by young people in the 1960s who rejected political involvement and emphasized the need for personal instead of political revolution
Kent State University
Campus in Ohio where four students who were part of a 1970 protest against U.S. involvement in Cambodia were shot and killed by National Guardsmen
1960
John Kennedy elected president
1961
Freedom Rides
1962
James Meredith enters University of Mississippi
1963
John Kennedy assassinated; Lyndon Johnson becomes president
1964
Beginning of Johnsons War on Poverty programs
1965
Elementary and Secondary Education Act passed
1966
Stokely Carmichael calls for "black power"
1967
Riots in many American cities
1968
Martin Luther King assassinated
1969
Woodstock Music Festival
1970
United States invades Cambodia
1971
Pentagon Papers published by the New York Times
1972
Nixon reelected
1973
Vietnam cease-fire announced; American troops leave Vietnam Roe v. Wade decision
1975
South Vietnam falls to North Vietnam, ending the Vietnam War
1960
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed
1960
Sit-ins began Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) formed
1961
First American travels in space
1961
Construction of Berlin Wall
1961
Bay of Pigs invasion
1962
SDS issues Port Huron Statement
1962
Silent Spring by Rachel Carson published
1962
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962
The Other America by Michael Harrington published
1963
Civil rights march on Washington
1963
The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan published
1963
President Diem assassinated in South Vietnam
1964
Johnson reelected
1964
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
1964
Free Speech Movement at Berkeley begins
1964
Civil Rights Act enacted
1965
Johnson sends more troops to Vietnam
1965
Voting Rights Act passed
1965
Murder of Malcolm X
1965
Watts riots burn sections of Los Angeles
1965
Medicare passed
1966
Formation of Black Panther party
1966
Formation of National Organization for Women (NOW)
1967
Antiwar demonstrations intensify
1968
Robert Kennedy assassinated
1968
Student protests at Columbia University
1968
Battle between police and protesters at Democratic National Convention
1968
Richard Nixon elected president
1968
American Indian Movement (AIM) founded
1968
Tet Offensive
1968
My Lai Massacre
1970
Killings at Kent State, Jackson State
John F. Kennedy
He was a senator and representative from Massachusetts. The first president born in the 20th century and a Roman Catholic, promised to change the nation. At his inauguration, he asked Americans to “Ask not what your nation can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.”
Richard Nixon
Vice President _________, the Republican presidential contender, was just four years older than Kennedy, but some voters saw him as "too linked to the past" because of his Eisenhower administration ties. Healso suffered from technical development.
The Other America
Michael Harrington's 1962 book ________ reminded Americans that many individuals were still underprivileged despite the nation's prosperity.
Defense Department
The space program, like the _________, benefitted from cold war tensions.
Yuri Gagarin
He became the first person to circle Earth in 1961, humiliating the US.
John Glenn
He orbited Earth in February 1962,
Alan Shepard
__________ became the first American in space in May.
Lee Harvey Oswald
An ex-marine and Communist sympathizer, _________, shot and assassinated Kennedy in Dallas.
Jack Ruby
A Dallas nightclub owner, killed Oswald two days after his arrest.
Warren Commission
They investigated President Kennedy's assassination after his stunning death.
Volunteer in Service to America (VISTA)
In 1964, the president created the __________ program, which sent volunteers to aid impoverished areas.
Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965
The ______________ created the Department of Housing and Urban Development to oversee affordable housing and $3 billion in city upgrades.
Great Society
The American welfare state expanded greatly during Lyndon Johnson's ___________ policies. Medicare and Medicaid reduced poverty by 40% in the US.
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
After becoming famous during the Montgomery Bus Boycott, King and other clergymen created the __________________).
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
Young African Americans wanted to fight harder and quicker for their rights. In 1960, these youth founded the ____________.
Congress for Racial Equality
In order to enforce a Supreme Court rule that bus terminals and waiting rooms should be integrated, the _____________ recruited groups of African-American and white volunteers to travel buses across the South.
Freedom Riders
The ___________ were beaten and their bus destroyed by a white mob in Anniston, Alabama. Southbound Freedom Riders increased.
Robert Kennedy
In September 1962, the attorney general defied demonstrators and the governor by sending 500 U.S. marshals to enroll James Meredith at the University of Mississippi.
I Have a Dream
The crowd was motivated by Martin Luther King Jr.'s "______________" speech.
1964 Civil Rights Act
Race, sex, religion, and national origin were prohibited under the ___________. Public spaces were now discrimination-free. To combat employment prejudice, the measure established the EEOC.
1965 Voting Rights Act
The ____________ prohibited practices like literacy tests that had prevented African Americans from voting.
Black Muslims
African Americans were pushed to improve themselves by relying on their own efforts by the Nation of Islam, also known as the ___________, since whites were seen as racial adversaries.
Malcolm X
Black Muslim assassins killed _____________ in February 1965 when he questioned some of the Nation of Islam's racial beliefs.
Stokely Carmichael
He removed whites from the SNCC and advised African Americans to arm. Black power, championed by him, fostered pride in African-American history and culture.
Bobby Seale
Huey Newton
Founders of Black Panther
Ms. Magazine
Gloria Steinem's _____________ popularized a new word of address for women without regard to marital status in 1972.
Roe v. Wade
Women enjoy the right to abortion in the first and second trimesters, with certain limits, under the 1973 ____________ Supreme Court ruling.
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
The feminist movement's inability to pass an ___________ was unique.
Phyllis Schlafly
He and other grassroots campaigners opposed the ERA by arguing that it would lead to the draft and coed restrooms.
American Indian Movement (AIM)
This promoted Native American pride and protested the policies of the U.S. government on reservations.
Stonewall Riots
The __________ began in June 1969 following a police raid on a homosexual club in New York City. This fostered homosexual pride.
Ngo Dinh Diem
American authorities did little to stop a cabal of military men from overthrowing and assassinating South Vietnamese president __________ a few weeks before President Kennedy's 1963 assassination.
Gulf of Tonkin
In August 1964, Johnson announced that North Vietnamese gunboats had assaulted American destroyers in the ___________, omitting key information including that the American warships were collecting intelligence on North Vietnam and that South Vietnamese gunboats were close.
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
The _______________ empowered the president to "prevent future aggression" in Southeast Asia after an apparent unprovoked strike.
Communist Tet Offensive
The _______________ on January 30, 1968, was the war's most important military battle. The Communists utilized the holiday ceasefire to strike throughout South Vietnam to destroy the government and weaken the US.
My Lai Massacre
The ____________ occurred in March 1968, when American forces killed 400 Vietnamese people, including children and newborns.
Port Huron Statement
SDS's manifesto, the __________, criticized American consumerism and called for "participatory democracy."
Free Speech Movement
Berkeley's 1964 ban on political activism sparked the __________. Student protests pushed the institution to back down.
Timothy Leary
A former lecturer and LSD advocate, advised American teenagers to "tune in, switch on, and drop out."
Age of Aquarius
The Grateful Dead and Jefferson Airplane played "acid" rock in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury area in 1967, a hippie hangout where some dreamed for a new "______________."
Pete Townshend
The personal over the political was so strong at Woodstock that musician __________ drove radical activist Abbie Hoffman off the stage when he tried to steal a microphone during The Who's performance.
Kent State University
Four _____________ students were killed by Ohio National Guardsmen during a rally. Jackson State University police murdered two students.
Pentagon Papers
The ____________ were released to the New York Times by former Defense Department officer Daniel Ellsberg in 1971. These papers from the Kennedy and Johnson administrations showed that the government had misled to Congress and the American people about Vietnam.
Saigon
The US evacuated ambassadors and other Americans in Vietnam a day before North Vietnamese tanks entering ________ on April 30, 1975.
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