Art History Midterm Review

1- What is the function of the nkisi nkonde figure?

they are figures believed to harness the power of spirits, by driving nails/blades/iron pieces into the statue, it would inflict punishment on those deserving

1- According to Sayre, what are the three steps in the process of "seeing"?

reception (of light → eye), extraction (of info), inference (perceive info)

1- Objects that are intended to stimulate a sense of beauty in the viewer are thought to be not merely functional but ________.

aesthetic

1- What female types does Mickalene Thomas's Portrait of Mnonja evoke?

African-American superstar divas of the 1960s

2- The terms "naturalistic art" or "realistic art" describe ________ art.

realistic

2- In a work of art, "content" refers to ___________.

what the work expresses or means

2- What is the subject matter of Shirin Neshat's Rebellious Silence?

it depicts a Muslim woman in a black chador, a rifle dividing her face, and Farsi text inscribed over her face

2- When a work does not refer to the natural or objective world at all, it is called __________ as exemplified by ____________.

nonobjective, lack of representation

2- The less representation resembles the real world, the more it is considered __________.

abstract

3- How are Rembrandt's Three Crosses and Vincent van Gogh's The Starry Night similar?

both use expressive line to convey emotion

3- Yoshitomo Nara's Dead Flower contrasts its menacing subject with the use of a heavy outline associated with _________.

the cuteness of a juvenile style

3- Wenda Gu creates calligraphy using _________.

human hair

3- Lines that form the outer edge of a three-dimensional shape and suggest its volume are called __________.

contour lines

3- In Pat Steir's The Brueghel Series: A Vanitas of Style, a series of sixty-four separate panels are held together by what category of line?

grid lines

4- Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper uses ________ perspective, while Gustave Caillebotte's Place de l'Europe on a Rainy Day is based on ________ perspective.

one-point linear, two-point linear

4- What is the metaphorical significance of the feast-making spoon sculpture from the Ivory Coast?

it represents the power of the imagination to transform an everyday object into a symbolically charged container of social good

4- In The Dead Christ, which technique does Andrea Mantegna utilize to adjust the distortion created by the point of view?

foreshortening

4- Why is the stereoscope such an effective means of describing "real" space?

it mimics binocular vision

4- There is a contradiction in the appearance of Martin Puryear's Self. What is it?

it is much lighter than it appears, because it is hollow

5- Artist Artemisia Gentileschi heightens the drama of Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes by using a technique called ________.

tenebrism

5- The artist that painted La Chahut (The Can-Can) was interested in harmonizing complementary colors. The resulting process came to be known as ___________.

pointillism

5- With atmospheric perspective, objects further from the viewer appear ____________.

cooler and less distinct

5- Artists sometimes choose to paint objects using colors that are not "true" to their optical or local colors. This is an example of the expressive use of __________.

arbitrary color

5- The Impressionists were concerned with rendering _________.

perceptual color

6- Claude Monet's Water Lilies, Morning: Willows and Bridget Riley's Drift No. 2 are similar in that both _________________.

allude to the movement of water

6- Rudy Burckhardt's photos teach us that Jackson Pollock longed to be involved in _____________.

the process of painting

6- Alexander Calder's "mobiles," like Untitled, move when air currents move through them, making them _____________.

kinetic

6- Max Ernst developed a technique called frottage, which involves _____________________.

rubbing a sheet of paper over a textured surface

6- Which is the most obvious difference between Bernini's David and Michelangelo's David?

Bernini's David is caught in the midst of action

7- Which of the pieces in the chapter best illustrate the use of variety over unity?

Auguste Rodin's The Three Shades atop The Gates of Hell

7- In the kente cloths of the Asante and Ewe societies of Ghana, pattern is associated with ___________.

social prestige and wealth

7- Why was the Taj Mahal built by Shah Jahan?

as a reminder of the memory of his favorite wife

7- Jan Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance is a perfect example of ___________.

asymmetrical balance

7- In Frida Kahlo's The Two Fridas, to what purpose does the artist use symmetry?

to visually represent the duality of her identity

7- Proportion is defined as ____________, while scale is ______________.

the relationship of parts to a whole, the dimensions of a depicted object in relation to the reference (surroundings)

8- What is the source of narrative related by Marjane Satrapi in the graphic novel Persepolis?

the author's experience of growing up in Iran during the Islamic Revolution

8- Dry drawing media consists of coloring agents, which are mixed with ________ to hold them together.

binders

1- Renzo Piano's Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Center is an example of "green architecture." Such buildings are praised for their _________.

self-sufficiency

8- When ink is diluted with water and applied in broad flat areas, the result is called a ___________.

wash

8- Which is a form of soft carbon discovered in England in 1564?

graphite

8- When did artists in the Western world first have ready access to paper?

in Italy in the early renaissance

9- When an artist paints with a mixture of watercolor pigment and Chinese white chalk, the process is called ________.

gouache

9- What is the chief advantage of acrylic paint over oil paint?

oil paint creates a messy brown 'halo' around paint, while acrylic paint doesn't

9- Artists can create a sense of luminous materiality in oil painting by brushing thin films of transparent color onto the surface, a process called ___________.

glazing

9- Illusionism in fresco painting arguably reached its apogee in which work?

Lamentation by Giotto

9- What is the main advantage of using oil paint over other paint media?

with oil paint, you can endlessly rework due to its slow drying

10- Roger Shimomura's Enter the Rice Cooker is an example of what kind of printmaking?

serigraphy

10- The Angel Appearing to the Shepherds by Rembrandt van Rijn reveals how etching differs from other printmaking techniques in its ___________.

ability to create subtle gradations of light and shadow

10- Which printmaking process—a process that relies for its effect not on line but on tonal areas of light and dark—does Jane Dickson's Stairwell illustrate?

aquatint

10- What is the name of the process in which an artist pushes the point of a burin across a metal plate, forcing the metal up in slivers in front of the burin?

engraving

10- Which process best describes intaglio printing?

it involves drawing on limestone with a greasy medium

10- What is the chief advantage of printmaking over other media?

the artist can make multiple copies of a single image

11- What are storyboards, as exemplified by the drawings by William Cameron Menzies, and what can they help determine?

they are the sketches that outline the shot sequences, and they can help determine camera angles, locations, and lighting ahead of shooting

11- Despite the success of the daguerreotype, the process had its drawbacks, primarily _____________.

that the image could not be reproduced

11- The first American film to fully utilize "every known trick of the filmmaker's trade," resulting in a masterful work, was _________.

Citizen Kane

11- How does the use of the camera obscura differ from contemporary photography?

it captures but does not preserve the image

12- Giambologna's The Capture of the Sabine Women is an example of what type of sculpture?

sculpture-in-the-round or freestanding sculpture

12- The Tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi includes an extraordinary grouping of what type of work?

ceramics

12- In the 1977 Imponderabilia, an example of performance art, viewers participated by ______________.

passing through a "living door" formed by the two naked artists, one male and the other female

12- What do Robert Smithson's Spiral Jetty and the Great Serpent Mound have in common?

they are both earthworks

12- In Sky Cathedral, artist Louise Nevelson has combined found materials to create a sculpture in a process called ____________.

assemblage

12- Allan Kaprow created __________ which were "assemblages of events performed or perceived in more than one time and place."

"Happenings"

13- What was the inspiration for Anni Albers's design of her wall hanging shown in the text?

The Metamorphosis of Plants by Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe

13- A particular Japanese ritual encourages the adherent to "leave the concerns of the daily world behind and enter a timeless world of ease, harmony, and mutual respect." Which of the ceramic pieces from the chapter would be used in such a practice?

a Raku tea bowl by Hon'ami Koetsu

13- Objects formed out of clay and then hardened by firing are referred to as ____________.

ceramics

13- What is the name of the technique developed by María and Julián Martinez for producing pots without a potter's wheel?

coiling

13- All fiber arts evolved from ___________.

weaving

13- Originally, when an artist worked in "the crafts," it meant that they ________________.

produced functional objects

14- It is thought that the sloping sides of the pyramids in Egypt were intended to mimic ____________.

the rays of the sun

14- The Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris is an example of which architectural style?

Gothic

14- The International Style is a type of architecture marked by ___________.

its geometric simplicity

14- The Seagram Building, designed by Philip Johnson and Mies van der Rohe, is a perfect example of __________.

The International Style

14- Frank Lloyd Wright designed several houses that he described as "of" the land, not "on" it, calling this style of house ____________.

the Prairie House

15- Which nineteenth-century building by Joseph Paxton could be considered an early example of the relationship between new technology and architecture?

The Crystal Palace

15- Gerrit Rietveld's famous Red and Blue Chair is a summation of which principle of design?

De Stiji

15- Charles and Ray Eames's side chair, model DCM, demonstrates which feature of design in the 1940s and 1950s?

organic design

15- The designer of Does It Make Sense?, April Greiman, is a pioneer in the field of ______________.

graphic design