Edexcel iGCSE English Language analysis Techniques Poetry

the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse.

What is a rhyme scheme?

ABCB

What is the rhyme scheme of Mary had a little lamb?

Mary had a little lamb
Its fleece was white as snow
And everywhere that Mary went
The lamb was sure to go

The beat or pattern of sounds produced within a piece of writing.

What is rhythm (or metre)?

An unbroken unit of sound in a word.

What is a syllable?

1

How many syllables in clap?

3

How many syllables in happily?

2

how many syllables in tiger?

the part of a word that you give the most emphasis when you pronounce it

What is a stressed syllable?

a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable
e.g. Mar-y had a litt-le lamb

What is a Trochee or trochaic?

unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.

What is iamb or iambic?

Metrical foot

What is each iamb or trochee called?

trochaic tetrameter

Mary had a little lamb has 4 trochees per line. What metre is it written in?

Iambic Pentameter

What is most of Shakesperes poetry written in?

iambic- made up of 1ams which is unstressed syllable followed by stressed syllable.
Pentameter-5 iambic pairs per line

What does iambic pentameter mean?

Alliteration
Simile
Oxymoron
personification
Enjambment
Onomatopeia
Metaphor
repeated lines
repeated words

Name Poetic 9 devices:

The repetition of the same beginning sound in two or more words.

What is alliteration?

Using soft initial letter sound like S can create a softer, more sad feeling
Using harder initial letter sounds can create a sharper angrier feel

What effects can alliteration be used to create in poetry?

A comparison using "like" or "as"

What is a simile?

Comparing one thing to another. e.g. teeth like daggers. Indicated by 'like a' or 'as a'. Used for artistic effect, add description.
Choice of object or word for the simile creates different effects.
Helps the reader picture more vividly

What effects can similes be used to create in poetry?

A comparison where you say a think is something else. e.g. black bodied trees

What is a metaphor?

Add description, for effect.
Choice of word for metaphor creates different effects.
Helps the reader picture more vividly

What effects can metaphors be used to create in poetry?

An oxymoron is a figure of speech that links contradictory (opposite) terms or ideas. "marched asleep" is an example of an oxymoron.

What is an oxymoron?

Enhance the meaning of both words
descriptive
Creates a vivid picture for the reader

What effects can oxymorons be used to create in poetry?

the giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea

What is personification?

Descriptive
Can help reader to identify or understand the object or meaning/feeling behind it
Choice of action and object can reveal underlying meaning or contribute to theme of poem

What effects can personification be used to create in poetry?

When a sentence is broken over two or more lines in a poem

What is enjambment?

Create a different emphasis to the words
Makes the reader focus on certain words

What effects can enjambment be used to create in poetry?

Subject-what the poem is directly about
Theme- what underlying ideas are within the poem that the writer is exploring

What is the difference between subject and theme in poetry?

How the poem is laid out
use of shape,
use of pattern
Repeated punctuation pattern or at end of stanza

What is structure in poetry?

Emphasis
Reveal important idea or theme

What effects can repeated words have in poems?

rhythm
emphasis

What effect can repeated lines have in poems?

visually descriptive or figurative language
language that appeals to the senses

What is imagery?

Imagery
Descriptive
Sensory
Connotations
Choice reveals ideas/feelings underlying theme.

How can word choice (verb, adverb, adjective) create different effects in a poem?

the use of words whose sounds echo their meanings

What is Onomatopoeia?

Sensory description,
makes it more real for the reader because they will know the sound which is being described.
Calls up or creates a feeling or impression
Helps the reader picture more vividly

How can onomatopoeia be used for effect in poetry?

a meaning attached to words that goes beyond the literal meaning

What is a connotation?

Reinforcing positive or negative feeling
Choice of word e.g. wind howled; use of work howled brings to mind wolves, has connotation of danger or being hunted.
Connotations of words in metaphors, similes and personification
reveal or support underlying theme, idea or feeling

How can connotations be used for effect in poetry?

the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses

What is anaphora?

Used for emphasis and to evoke strong feelings in the audience
It's often seen in poetry and speeches,
provoke a emotional response
create patterns and sometimes rhythm in poems

How can anaphora be used for effect in poetry?

It is the repetition of words or phrases at the end of sentences or phrases.

What is epistrophe?

It can emphasize ideas,
produce a lyrical and rhythmic effect,
intensify emotion or unity,
make the lines and ideas memorable.
Used in speeches/poems for emphasis

How can epistrophe (repeated phrases at the end of a line) be used for effect in poetry?

A person, place or object which has a meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well

What is symbolism?

Subject
Theme
Form
Structure
Rhythm, Rhyme and Metre
Language
Poetic devices

What 5 key areas could you talk about when analysis and comparing poems ?
Some Tired Fathers Sip Rather Large Pints