The Rights and Freedoms of Canadians

Flashcards covering key concepts about the rights and freedoms of Canadians, including definitions of civil rights, human rights, legislation, and discrimination.

Freedom

A basic right that no law restricts, such as freedom of religion and communication.

Right

A privilege granted by legislation or regulation, such as the right to vote or to an education.

Civil Rights

Rights believed to be inherent to individuals regardless of government power, aimed at limiting government authority.

Human Rights

Rights that should universally apply to individuals, with a focus on preventing discrimination.

Bill of Rights

A law passed in 1960 that granted Canadians fundamental freedoms and rights without discrimination based on race, origin, religion, or sex.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Part of the Constitution Act of 1982, it protects rights and freedoms in Canada.

Notwithstanding Clause

Section 33 of the Charter that allows a government to continue enacting a law regardless of inconsistency with the Charter.

Democratic Rights

Rights ensuring that individuals can vote and that this right cannot be revoked by the Notwithstanding Clause.

Mobility Rights

Rights that permit citizens to move freely between provinces.

Equality Rights

Rights prohibiting government discrimination and ensuring equal protection and benefit of the law.

Language Rights

Rights ensuring the use of both English and French in legal and educational contexts.

Multicultural Heritage Rights

Rights requiring that laws consider Canada's multicultural nature when being enacted.

Discrimination

When individuals are denied certain rights and equalities based on prejudice or stereotyping.

Adverse Effect Discrimination

Unintentional discrimination that occurs when policies or practices disadvantage a particular group.

Human Rights Legislation

Laws at both federal and provincial levels that address issues of discrimination.

Tribunal

A judicial body that meets to decide legal disputes related to human rights complaints.