U.S History Chapter 2 Test Review

How did mineral discoveries shape the settlement of the west?

The discoveries of the minerals accelerated the expansion into the west thus creating boomtowns.

What role did mining play in the development of American West?

It accelerated the expansion in the West.

Why was cattle ranching an important business for the Great Plains?

It provided money and food for the colonist.

Describe the reasons for the growth of the cattle industry on the Great Plains?

Since the population grew there was more of s demand for food. The cowboys started to bring longhorns from Texas on the cattle trail because by the time that the cows got there there was still meat on them and they would get more money for the cows.

What was the relationship between the Hispanics in the Southwest and the new settlers?

The new settlers pushed the Hispanics about of their territory. this lead to the Barrios, which are the towns with everything in Spanish because they wanted to keep their culture.

How did vaqueros contribute to the cattle industry in the West?

The vaqueros were the cowboys. These people were the ones that the settlers learned from and later practiced the same thing.

What encouraged settlers to move west to the Great Plains?

The settler were attracted to the cheap land.Then they used this land for farming.

What developments of the late 1800s attracted settlers to endure the hardships of the Great Plains?

The developments included new farming techniques and railroads to transport goods. These new farming techniques included dry farming, and using mechanical reapers to make farming easier.

What new methods and technologies revolutionized agriculture and made it practical to cultivate the Plains?

The new farming methods included dry farming. This is when the farmers plant the seeds deep into the ground where the moisture is thus conserving water.

How did new technologies help improve settlers ability to cultivate larger more profitable farms?

The settlers could plant things quicker and had the advantage of cheap land and the new tools to make it easier.

Why were some settlers on the Great Plains called Homesteaders?

They were called Homesteaders because they moved from the east to the west.

How did the Westward migration affect the Plains Indians way of life?

The Indians had to be confined in one area. This was a problem because the Indians have a nomadic lifestyle. This affects how they get food and survive.

Were Native Americans justified in leaving the reservations and refusing further relocation by the government?

The Native Americans did want to leave the reservation but did not want to be confined in another area.

What is an annuity?

Annuities are things that you need or pleasures.

What was the connection between annuities and the Dakota Sioux Uprising of 1862?

The Sioux were promised these annuities in exchange for stopping the violence. When they did not get these annuities then they caused violence again.

What major agricultural enterprise became vital to the settlement of the southern Great Plains?

Cattle Ranching

Why was it important?

This was important because it gave settlers money and food. Since the population was growing there was a demand for food and cattle ranching supplied this demand.

What led to the sudden emigration to the West and what effect did this migration have on the United States?

The sudden immigration was because of the minerals that were found in various regions. The expansion led to the Indian being relocated and a a lot of conflict between them.

What major agricultural enterprise became vital to the settlement of the southern Great Plains? Why was it important?

Cattle Ranching. This was important because it gave settlers money and food. Since the population was growing there was a demand for food and cattle ranching supplied this demand.

What did Native Americans and Mexican Americans have in common with settlers from the East?

The Native and Mexican Americans were pushed from their homes and judged based on their cultures and traditions.

What factors helped to encourage settlement of the Great Plains?

The homestead act helped encourage settlers to settle in the Great Plains. This gave settlers land that was said to be theirs after living in that area for five Years.

What methods revolutionized agriculture? How did farming technology and innovations contribute to the formation of the Wheat Belt?

New technology revolutionized agriculture. Dry Farming was one of the new farming methods. This process was when the farmers planted seeds deep in the ground where the moisture was. Other innovations included Mechanical reapers and steam tractors, this made it easier to harvest crops. Another innovation was a mechanical binder, this tied stalks into bundles.

What factors caused conflicts between new settlers to the West and Native Americans?

The new settlers in the West made them move to one confined spot. The Native Americans aren't used to this because they live a nomadic way of life. Later they even banned them from doing their ritual. They made promises with them and broke all the promises.

What provisions did the Dawes Act make for Native Americans who remained on reservations?

The Dawes Act divided the reservations into allotments for ranching or farming. It also granted 160 acres for the head if the household, 80 acres for a single adult and 40 acres for each child. The things that the natives got out of the farming was theirs. If they stayed in that allotment for 25 years they were granted citizenship.

What were the consequences of the Dawes Act?

Some of the Native Americans did not take it as a benefit. They depended on the buffalo for most of their need so when they didn't have it they didn't know what to do.

how were the Hispanics in California affected by the gold rush?

They were pushed out of their home because the new settlers came in and basically took over.

What territory was the Wheat Belt in?

The Wheat Belt was in the areas of the Dakotas,Nebraska and Kansas.

Why did the Dakota Sioux start a major uprising in Minnesota?

The Sioux were promised annuities but they never got them.

What problems did Sodbusters have when farming the Great Plains? How did they overcome it?

The Sodbusters experience droughts, wind erosion and the effects of the overuse of the land. As a result of this they began to use new innovations to solve these problems.

What happened to boomtowns once the mines that supported them were used up?

They became Ghost towns because once the minerals were gone they were gone too.

What happen in 1877 that lasted for 30 years?

In Tombstone silver was found and it caused a boom that lasted for 30 years.

What was Marshal Wyatt Earp famous for?

He and his brothers were famous for a gun fight at O.K Corral (Tombstone 1881)

Placer Mining

extracting shallow small ore deposits with shovels picks and pans

Sluice Mining

used a box to separate the water a sediment caused heavier particles on the bottom

Panning

using a metal pan and water to separate sediment and push heavier particles towards the bottom

Quartz mining

miners go down in mine shafts and extract material

Morrill Land Grant College Act of 1862

each state got 30,000 acres to sell to fund colleges or to create new colleges that were mainly about agriculture and mechanical arts.

Who were the Lakota Chiefs?

Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Crazy Horse

Red Clouds war

Crazy Horse tricked Captain William Fetterman in to making him and his troops believe that there was a disturbance. When they got there hundreds of the warriors were wiped out the unit(known as Fettermans Massacre)

Sand Creek Massacre

Chief Black Kettle brought some of the Cheyenne to come negotiate about the miners invading there territory. Major Scott Anthony let them stay at the came with them. But then Colonel John Chivington thought it was an attack and then the started killing the Cheyenne

Flight of Nez Pearce

Chef Joseph and his followers fled when the they were abouot to be taken to be relocated but later that were foound and killed