Expository & Argumentative Text

oral communication 11

Oratorical

Competitions in which competitors deliver an original speech on a subject of their choice, though the speech must be factual.

Linguistic

vocabulary, structure, grammar of oral or written language.

Visual

color, vectors and viewpoint in still and moving images.

Refutation

the act or process of forming reasons, drawing conclusions, and applying them to a case in discussion.

Argumentation

a person who disagrees with something and speaks against it.

Spatial

proximity, direction, position of layout, organization or objects in space.

Extemporaneous

Is a limited preparation speech event based on research and original analysis.

Impromptu

A speech of an individual event that involves a five to eight minutes speech with a characteristically short preparation time of one to three minutes.

Lecture

An educational talk to an audience, especially to students in a university or college.

Gestural

movement, facial expression and body language.

Audio

volume, pitch, and rhythm of music and sound effects.

Argumentation

a person who disagrees with something and speaks against it

Refutation

the act or process of forming reasons, drawing conclusions, and applying them to a case in discussion

Proponent

point or statement that supports ones ideas and/or thesis

Opponent

point or statement in opposition to the argument being made in a written document or speech

Counter argument (CON)

the process of discrediting the arguments that oppose your thesis statement

Pro Argument (PRO)

someone who argues in favor of something advocate

INTRODUCTION

attention grabber/hook, background information, thesis statement

BODY

Three body paragraphs (Three major arguments)

COUNTERARGUMENT

An argument to refute earlier arguments and give weight to the actual position

CONCLUSION

Rephrasing the thesis statement, major points, call to attention, or concluding remarks

Impromptu

A speech of an individual event that involves a five to eight minutes speech with a characteristically short preparation time of one to three minutes

Lecture

An educational talk to an audience, especially to students in a university or college

Extemporaneous

Is a limited preparation speech event based on research and original analysis

Monologue

A long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program

EXPOSITORY TEXT

It is a fact based with the purpose of exposing the truth through a reliable source

Argumentative Texts

The aim of writing argumentative is to convince or persuade the reader

TOPIC SENTENCE

Is a sentence, sometimes at the beginning of a paragraph that states or suggests the main idea or topic of a paragraph

Toulmin Model

It begins with an introduction, follows with a thesis/claim, and gives data and evidence to support that claim.

Rogerian Model

Analyzes two sides of an argument and reaches a conclusion after weighing the strengths and weaknesses of each.

Claim of Fact

Is supported by verifiable facts or data such as statistics or testimonies; hence there is potential for controversy, conflict or conversion

Claims of Policy

An assertion that specific plans or courses of action should be instituted as solutions to problems

Claim of Value

An attempt to prove the desirability or undesirability of something or if something is good, bad, or wrong

PUBLIC SPEAKING

Is the process and act of speaking or giving a lecture to a group of people in a structured deliberate manner

**multi modal text**

A text may be defined as multimodal when it combines two or more semiotic systems.

Digital Multimodal texts

Like film, animation, slide shows, e-posters, etc. It **conveys meaning through combinations of written and spoken language, visual, audio, gestural and even spatial modes**.

Live multimodal texts

Like speech, dance, performance, and oral storytelling, it **convey meaning through combinations of modes such as gestural, spatial, spoken language and audio.**