Gilded age 1

What is anarchism in the context of the late nineteenth century in the United States?

Anarchism is the belief that citizens could run their own affairs without government, which became evident as frustrated workers justified revolution against the political order.

What event in 1877 was blamed on anarchism?

The violent railroad strike of 1877.

What was the significance of the Haymarket Square incident in 1886?

German anarchists threw a bomb, resulting in the deaths of seven police officers and four civilians, leading to arrests and severe consequences for those involved.

What was the general attitude of American workers towards Marxism?

The vast majority of American workers did not support radical Marxism; they sought better working conditions and believed in the American dream.

Who was Horatio Alger, and what message did his books convey?

Horatio Alger was an author whose books depicted young boys overcoming adversity through hard work and clean living, exemplifying the American dream.

What are some of the regions immigrants came from in the 1880s to 1920s?

Most immigrants came from Southern Europe (Italy and Greece) and Eastern Europe (Poles, Russians, and Jews).

How did native-born white Protestants react to the influx of new immigrants?

They sought to limit and hinder the advancement of new immigrants through various means, including banning Catholic teachers from public schools.

What was the 'Pale of Settlement' and its significance for Jewish immigrants?

The 'Pale of Settlement' was a region in Russia where Jewish people faced discrimination and violence, prompting many to emigrate to the U.S. for freedom.

What was the American Protective League (APL)?

A nativist group that fought against immigrants, particularly targeting Catholics and publishing anti-Catholic materials.

What was the impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

It marked the beginning of federal immigration policy that specifically restricted certain groups from entering the U.S.

What role did Ellis Island serve in U.S. immigration?

Ellis Island served as a central arrival point for immigrants from Europe, processing millions and screening them for diseases and other concerns.

What was the padrone system?

A system where Italian immigrants would claim newcomers as relatives to help them gain entry into the U.S.

How did immigrant communities support each other?

Immigrant communities built their own institutions and social service agencies to help new arrivals adjust to life in America.

What changes occurred as immigrant children assimilated into American society?

They attended public schools, learned English, and became an influential ethnic voting bloc in major cities.

Who was John 'Honey Fitz' Fitzpatrick, and why is he significant?

He was the mayor of Boston and the grandfather of President John F. Kennedy, representing the rise of Irish Catholics in politics.

How did immigration patterns change after 1965 compared to earlier periods?

The period from 1880s to 1920s saw the second-largest influx of immigrants, but the subsequent surge after 1965 surpassed it.

What was the political significance of the 1884 election involving Grover Cleveland?

Cleveland won the presidency by activating the urban ethnic vote despite negative rumors about his personal life.