State Board Exam Prep - Esthetics

What does OSHA stand for?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Was created by the US Department of Labor to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace?

OSHA

This regulates employee exposure to potentially toxic substances and informs employees about the possible hazards of materials used in the workplace?

Occupational safety and health act of 1970

This requires that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products?

Hazard communication standard for HCS

This contains information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety?

Material Safety Data Sheet or MSDS

Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States?

EPA

What does EPA stand for?

Environmental Protection Agency

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces are?

Disinfectants

This is effective for cleaning blood and bodily fluids?

Hospital disinfectants

This means that an item is made or constructed of material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquid?

Nonporous

An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function?

Disease

What was the bacteria that caused over 100 clients in one California salon to develop a serious skin infection in their legs after recieving a pedicure?

Microbacterium fortutium

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens?

Infection

The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms?

Infection control

What are the four types of potentially harmful organisms?

Bacteria, fungi, viruses, & parasites

This is caused by pathogenic organisms that enter the body?

Infectious disease

A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs from tool implements and equipment?

Cleaning

The process of “ “ destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces? (Not effective against spores)

Disinfecting

Be sure to mix and use disinfectants according to what?

The instructions on the label

One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics?

Bacteria

Harmless organisms that may perform useful functions?

Nonpathogenic

These bacteria are harmful microorganisms that can cause disease of infection in humans when they invade the body?

Pathogentic

Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups?

Cocci

Pus forming bacteria that grows in clusters like a bunch of grapes?

Staphylococci

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads?

Streptococci

This bacterial is spherical and grows in pairs?

Diplococci

Short rod-shaped bacteria?

Bacilli

Most common bacteria and cause tetanus (lock jaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria?

Bacilli

Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria?

Spirilla

Bacteria that causes syphilis, STDs, and Lyme disease?

Spirilla

Slender, hairlike extensions for locomotion? (moving about)

Flagella

Transmission of blood or bodily fluids through touching?

Direct transmission

Transmission of blood or bodily fluids through contact with an contaminated object?

Indirect transmission

Nonscientific synonym for disease production organism?

Germs

Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in other organisms?

Parasites

Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms?

Toxins

Parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms?

Virus

Hairlike extensions on cells that make them move?

Cilla

The division of bacteria cells into two new cells?

Binary fission

What are the new cells called after binary fission?

Daugher cells

Characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling?

Inflammation

A fluid created by infection?

Pus

This bacteria is responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome?

Staphylococci

This highly resistant bacteria can appear as skin infections such as pustules, rashes, and boils and can be hard to cure. Some people carry the bacteria and are not even aware of it. Without proper treatment, this infection can result in death?

MRSA (methicillin resistant staphylococci aureus)

When a disease is spread from one person to another person?

Contagious disease

This is able to replicate only through taking over a host cells reproductive functions?

Virus

Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals or other normally harmless substances?

Allergy

The presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface?

Contamination

The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface?

Decontamination

Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or tests?

Diagnosis

This prevents viruses from growling in the body?

Vaccines

What is more difficult to kill than germs that live outside of the body?

Blood-borne pathogens

Which hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a surface?

Hepatitis B

What does HIV stand for?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

What does AIDS stand for?

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

This virus can infect the bottom of the foot and resemble small black dots?

HPV (Human Papillomavirus)

Tinea barbae is also known as?

Barbers itch

Microscopic plant parasites that include mold, mildew, and yeast?

Fungi

Another fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon?

Mildew

This is the most basic cause of fungal infections, and causes skin, hair, and nail infections?

Dermatophytes

Tinea pedis or tinea corporis is also known as?

Ringworm

Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs due to shaving?

Folliculitis

Tinea versicolor is also known as?

Sun spots

Name 5 ways a pathogenic bacteria, virus, or fungi can enter the body?

Broken skin, mouth, nose, eyes, ears, or unprotected sex

Contagious skin disease caused by an itch mite that burrows under the skin?

Scabies

The ability of the body to destroy and resist infections?

Immunity

What is involved with Decontamination Method 1?

Clean then disinfect

What is involved with Decontamination Method 2?

Clean then sterilize

List the levels of decontamination from lowest to highest?

Cleaning, disinfecting, sterilization

This is used in the destruction of all microbes through heat and pressure?

Autoclave

Any disinfectants used in a salon or spa should carry and ( )?

EPA registraton number

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores?

Sterilization

What does the CDC stand for?

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

The ability to produce effect?

Efficacy

Bleach should be diluted to a ( ) percent solution?

10%

The number of organisms in or on an object or surface before decontamination or sterilization?

Bioburden

The ideal disinfectant would have what?

Inexpensive, nontoxic, include strips for efficacy, readily available by manufacturers, EPA approved, environmentally friendly, no odor, and noncorrosive

What does quats stand for?

Quaternary ammonium compound

What are quaternary ammonium compounds?

Disinfectants that are very effective if used properly

Disinfectant that is also a form of formaldehyde?

Phenolic

Detergents that break down stubborn films and remove that residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks?

Chelating soaps

Germicides formulated for use on skin?

Antiseptic

Using this system, workers evaluated each client care situation and applied gloves if there was a risk of contact with visible blood?

Universal precautions

Assuming that all blood and bodily fluids are a source of infection?

Standard precautions

Most common method for spreading infection?

Through the hands

Contact with broken skin, blood or bodily fluids, or infectious material?

Exposure incident

Shows no symptoms or signs of infection?

Asymptomatic

Minor burn affecting only the epidermis?

First degree burn

Burn that affects the top two layers, the epidermis and dermis?

Second degree burn

Burn that affects all layers of the skin and will blister, swell, and scar?

Third degree burn

Burns that have injuries to the muscles, ligaments, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, and bone?

Fourth degree burn

Soap is most easily rinsed off with ( ) water?

Warm, not hot

Study of the structure of the human body?

Anatomy

Study of the functions and activities performed by the body’s structures?

Physiology

Study of the tiny structures found in living tissue; microscopic?

Histology

Basic unit of all living things?

Cells

Located in a cell; a colourless, jelly-like substance in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbs, and water are present?

Protoplasm

3 main organelles (tiny organs) in a cell?

Nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane

Dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell?

Nucleus

What is the fluid within the nucleus that contains proteins and DNA?

Nucleoplasm