Chapter 19: Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Carbon

present as CH4 in permafrost soils and lake bottoms.

Over the past 900,000 years

Glacial and interglacial periods

Over the past 10,000 years

Interglacial period

Over the past 1,000 years

Temperature has been stable

Over the past 100 years

Temperature changes; methods of determination

Global warming

rapid rate of increasing temperatures

Thick, light-colored low-altitude clouds

decrease surface temperature

Thin, cirrus clouds at high altitudes

increase surface temperature

Prolonged droughts

grasslands become dustbowls

Organisms that increase global warming

Insects, fungi, and microbes

Monsoons

Climatic systems anywhere in which the moisture increases dramatically in the warm season

Jet Stream

Current of fast-moving air found in the upper levels of the atmosphere

Global change

changes in the biological, physical, and chemical properties of Earth

Global climate change

changes in average climate (long-term weather patterns over years or decades)

Monsoons

Climatic systems anywhere in which the moisture increases dramatically in the warm season

Jet Stream

Current of fast-moving air found in the upper levels of the atmosphere

Global change

changes in the biological, physical, and chemical properties of Earth

Global climate change

changes in average climate (long-term weather patterns over years or decades)